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A Roman mosaic on a wall in the House of Neptune and Amphitrite, Herculaneum, Italy, 1st century AD. A Roman mosaic is a mosaic made during the Roman period, throughout the Roman Republic and later Empire. Mosaics were used in a variety of private and public buildings, [1] on both floors and walls, though they competed with cheaper frescos for ...
The mosaics of the scutulatum style have the appearance of a simple mosaic pavement lacking figural decoration and were in use throughout the entire Roman Empire. [ 3 ] Pliny ( Naturalis Historia XXXV.185) reports that opus scutulatum was first used in Rome at the beginning of the Third Punic War (149 BC) in the Temple of Jupiter Capitolinus.
Ancient Roman decorative mosaic panels and floor mosaics were also produced during the 2nd century BC, particularly at sites such as Pompeii. Marble or limestone were cut into small cubes and arranged into representational designs and geometric patterns. Later, tesserae were made from colored glass, or clear glass backed with metal foils.
The Mosaic de Font de Mussa (Mosaic from the Source of Mussa, in English) is a Roman mosaic found in Benifaió (Ribera Alta, Land of Valencia) and that dates of the 1st or 2nd century. [1] It is located into the Museum of Prehistory of Valencia , where is one of the most highlighted pieces.
Bands, panels and shaped reserves of intricate mosaic alternate with contrasting bands, guilloches and simple geometric shapes of plain white marble. Pavements and revetments were executed in Cosmatesque technique, columns were inlaid with fillets and bands, and immovable church furnishings like cathedras and ambones were similarly treated.
Opus regulatum is the Latin name for the normal technique of Greek and Roman mosaic, made from tesserae that are larger than about 4 mm. Tesserae are laid in a pattern like grid or graph paper. The grout lines are aligned both vertically and horizontally unlike opus tessellatum , which consists of either horizontally or vertically aligned tesserae.
Patterns of seven overlapping circles are found on Roman mosaics, for example at Herod's palace in the 1st century BC. [9] The design is found on one of the silver plaques of the Late Roman hoard of Kaiseraugst (discovered 1961). [10] It is later found as an ornament in Gothic architecture, and still later in European folk art of the early ...
Opus sectile is a form of pietra dura popularized in the ancient and medieval Roman world where materials were cut and inlaid into walls and floors to make a picture or pattern. Common materials were marble, mother of pearl, and glass. The materials were cut in thin pieces, polished, then trimmed further according to a chosen pattern.
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