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Advanced Sleep Phase Disorder (ASPD), also known as the advanced sleep-phase type (ASPT) of circadian rhythm sleep disorder, is a condition that is characterized by a recurrent pattern of early evening (e.g. 7-9 PM) sleepiness and very early morning awakening (e.g. 2-4 AM).
Sleep is a naturally recurring state of mind and body, characterized by altered consciousness, relatively inhibited sensory activity, reduced muscle activity, and inhibition of nearly all voluntary muscles during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, [1] and reduced interactions with surroundings. [2]
Cognitive therapy is based on a teacher-student relationship, where the therapist educates the client. Cognitive therapy uses Socratic questioning to challenge cognitive distortions. Homework is an essential aspect of cognitive therapy. It consolidates the skills learned in therapy. The cognitive approach is active, directed, and structured.
A comfort object, more formally a transitional object or attachment object, [1] [2] is an item used to provide psychological comfort, especially in unusual or unique situations, or at bedtime for children.
Besides ensuring the sleep environment is a safe place, pharmacologic therapy using melatonin and clonazepam is also common as a treatment for RBD, even though they might not eliminate all abnormal behaviours. [25] Before starting a treatment with clonazepam, a screening for obstructive sleep apnea should performed. [22]
Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia is a multicomponent process that is composed of stimulus control therapy, sleep restriction therapy (SRT), and sleep hygiene therapy. [185] One of the components is a controlled regime of "sleep restriction" in order to restore the homeostatic drive to sleep and encourage normal "sleep efficiency". [ 186 ]
CES was initially studied for insomnia and called electrosleep therapy; [9] it is also known as cranial-electro stimulation [10] and transcranial electrotherapy. [ 11 ] Due to the rise of pharmaceutical treatments for depression, anxiety and insomnia, such as Prozac in the 1980s and Ambien in the 1990s, CES was not a well-known treatment for ...
The controlling effects of stimuli are seen in quite diverse situations and in many aspects of behavior. For example, a stimulus presented at one time may control responses emitted immediately or at a later time; two stimuli may control the same behavior; a single stimulus may trigger behavior A at one time and behavior B at another; a stimulus may control behavior only in the presence of ...