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A flagellum (/ f l ə ˈ dʒ ɛ l əm /; pl.: flagella) (Latin for 'whip' or 'scourge') is a hair-like appendage that protrudes from certain plant and animal sperm cells, from fungal spores , and from a wide range of microorganisms to provide motility.
Structure of a plant cell. Plant cells are the cells present in green plants, photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae.Their distinctive features include primary cell walls containing cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectin, the presence of plastids with the capability to perform photosynthesis and store starch, a large vacuole that regulates turgor pressure, the absence of flagella or ...
Cells of Chlorophyceae usually have two or four flagella, but in some cases may have numerous flagella. The flagella emerge from the apex of the cell, and are connected to the nucleus via rhizoplasts. [2] The arrangement of flagella may be in one of two configurations, termed CW ("clockwise") or DO ("directly opposed").
During this process the asexual reproductive cells (gonidia) first undergo successive cell divisions to form a concave-to-cup-shaped embryo or plakea composed of a single cell layer. Immediately after, the cell layer is inside out compared with the adult configuration—the apical ends of the embryo protoplasts from which flagella are formed ...
A key feature of the genus is its two anterior flagella, each as long as the other. [8] The flagellar microtubules may each be disassembled by the cell to provide spare material to rebuild the other's microtubules if they are damaged. [11] Cell wall is made up of a glycoprotein and non-cellulosic polysaccharides instead of cellulose.
Pseudomonas syringae is a rod-shaped, Gram-negative bacterium with polar flagella.As a plant pathogen, it can infect a wide range of species, and exists as over 50 different pathovars, [2] all of which are available to researchers from international culture collections such as the NCPPB, ICMP, and others.
Cell division. All cells can be considered motile for having the ability to divide into two new daughter cells. [1] Motility is the ability of an organism to move independently using metabolic energy. This biological concept encompasses movement at various levels, from whole organisms to cells and subcellular components.
Cells are naked or covered by one or two layers of flat scales, mainly with spiderweb-like or reticulate ornamentation. Each cell contains one or rarely two chloroplasts, almost always with prasinoxanthin; two equal or unequal flagella, or just one flagellum, or lacking any flagella. If flagella are present, they can be either smooth or covered ...