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  2. Reaction rate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reaction_rate

    Iron rusting has a low reaction rate. This process is slow. Wood combustion has a high reaction rate. This process is fast. The reaction rate or rate of reaction is the speed at which a chemical reaction takes place, defined as proportional to the increase in the concentration of a product per unit time and to the decrease in the concentration of a reactant per unit time. [1]

  3. Pharmacokinetics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacokinetics

    This is often called linear pharmacokinetics, as the change in concentration over time can be expressed as a linear differential equation =. Assuming a single IV bolus dose resulting in a concentration C initial {\displaystyle C_{\text{initial}}} at time t = 0 {\displaystyle t=0} , the equation can be solved to give C = C initial × e − k el ...

  4. Reaction progress kinetic analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reaction_progress_kinetic...

    The steady-state approximation holds that the concentration of the catalyst-substrate complex is not changing over time; the total concentration of this complex remains low as it is whisked away almost immediately after formation. A steady-state rate law contains all of the rate constants and species required to go from starting material to ...

  5. Fick's laws of diffusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fick's_laws_of_diffusion

    The flux is decay over the square root of time because a concentration gradient builds up near the membrane over time under ideal conditions. When there is flow and convection, the flux can be significantly different than the equation predicts and show an effective time t with a fixed value, [15] which makes the flux stable instead of decay ...

  6. Area under the curve (pharmacokinetics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Area_under_the_curve...

    The area under the effect curve (AUEC) is an integral of the effect of a drug over time, estimated as a previously-established function of concentration. It was proposed to be used instead of AUC in animal-to-human dose translation, as computer simulation shows that it could cope better with half-life and dosing schedule variations than AUC.

  7. Reaction rate constant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reaction_rate_constant

    where A and B are reactants C is a product a, b, and c are stoichiometric coefficients,. the reaction rate is often found to have the form: = [] [] Here ⁠ ⁠ is the reaction rate constant that depends on temperature, and [A] and [B] are the molar concentrations of substances A and B in moles per unit volume of solution, assuming the reaction is taking place throughout the volume of the ...

  8. Chemical reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_reaction

    Here k is the first-order rate constant, having dimension 1/time, [A](t) is the concentration at a time t and [A] 0 is the initial concentration. The rate of a first-order reaction depends only on the concentration and the properties of the involved substance, and the reaction itself can be described with a characteristic half-life. More than ...

  9. Chemical equilibrium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_equilibrium

    In a chemical reaction, chemical equilibrium is the state in which both the reactants and products are present in concentrations which have no further tendency to change with time, so that there is no observable change in the properties of the system. [1] This state results when the forward reaction proceeds at the same rate as the reverse ...