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An alternative way of thinking about internal consistency is that it is the extent to which all of the items of a test measure the same latent variable. The advantage of this perspective over the notion of a high average correlation among the items of a test – the perspective underlying Cronbach's alpha – is that the average item ...
Geographic redundancy corrects the vulnerabilities of redundant devices deployed by geographically separating backup devices. Geographic redundancy reduces the likelihood of events such as power outages, floods, HVAC failures, lightning strikes, tornadoes, building fires, wildfires, and mass shootings disabling most of the system if not the entirety of it.
RBDs will indicate the type of redundancy in the parallel path. [1] For example, a group of parallel blocks could require two out of three components to succeed for the system to succeed. By contrast, any failure along a series path causes the entire series path to fail.
Systems can be made robust by adding redundancy in all potential SPOFs. Redundancy can be achieved at various levels. The assessment of a potential SPOF involves identifying the critical components of a complex system that would provoke a total systems failure in case of malfunction. [2]
The idea of incorporating redundancy in order to improve the reliability of a system was pioneered by John von Neumann in the 1950s. [24] Two kinds of redundancy are possible: [25] space redundancy and time redundancy. Space redundancy provides additional components, functions, or data items that are unnecessary for fault-free operation.
“Particularly in high-achieving regions, this is a go-to question,” Dr. Danda says. “Not every student decides or needs to go to college immediately after high school. Some kids need more ...
By that reasoning, Miami’s playoff hopes are toast barring an unexpected blowout loss for a team like Penn State or Georgia in their conference title games on Saturday that somehow drops one or ...
From January 2008 to December 2012, if you bought shares in companies when Thomas H. Kean joined the board, and sold them when he left, you would have a -67.6 percent return on your investment, compared to a -2.8 percent return from the S&P 500.