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In 1849, a second major outbreak occurred in France. In London, it was the worst outbreak in the city's history, claiming 14,137 lives, over twice as many as the 1832 outbreak. Cholera hit Ireland in 1849 and killed many of the Irish Famine survivors, already weakened by starvation and fever. [26]
Preceding the 1854 Broad Street cholera outbreak, physicians and scientists held two competing theories on the causes of cholera in the human body: miasma theory and germ theory. [6] The London medical community debated between these causes for the persistent cholera outbreaks in the city.
Cholera dissemination across Asia and Europe in 1817–1831. In the years after the pandemic subsided in many areas of the world, there were still small outbreaks, and pockets of cholera remained. [8] In the period from 1823 to 1829, the first cholera outbreak remained outside of much of Europe. [8]
John Snow (15 March 1813 – 16 June 1858 [1]) was an English physician and a leader in the development of anaesthesia and medical hygiene.He is considered one of the founders of modern epidemiology and early germ theory, in part because of his work in tracing the source of a cholera outbreak in London's Soho, which he identified as a particular public water pump.
Japan suffered at least seven major outbreaks of cholera between 1858 and 1902. The Ansei outbreak of 1858–60, for example, is believed to have killed between 100,000 and 200,000 people in Tokyo alone. [31] An outbreak of cholera in Chicago in 1854 took the lives of 5.5% of the population (about 3,500 people).
Cholera dissemination across Asia and Europe in 1817–1831. The first cholera pandemic (1817–24) began near Kolkata and spread throughout Southeast Asia to the Middle East, eastern Africa, and the Mediterranean coast. While cholera had spread across India many times previously, this outbreak went farther; it reached as far as China and the ...
A cholera outbreak in Syria has already killed at least 33 people, posing a danger across the frontlines of the country's 11-year-long war and stirring fears in crowded camps for the displaced.
The Ghost Map: The Story of London's Most Terrifying Epidemic – and How it Changed Science, Cities and the Modern World is a book by Steven Berlin Johnson in which he describes the most intense outbreak of cholera in Victorian London and centers on John Snow and Henry Whitehead. [1] It was released on 19 October 2006 through Riverhead.