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Thymic carcinoma, or type C thymoma, is a malignancy of the thymus. It is a rare cancer that is often diagnosed at advanced stages. Recurrence following treatment is common, and thymic carcinoma is associated with a poor prognosis. [1]
The thymus is an organ that sits behind the sternum in the upper front part of the chest, stretching upwards towards the neck. In children, the thymus is pinkish-gray, soft, and lobulated on its surfaces. [1] At birth, it is about 4–6 cm long, 2.5–5 cm wide, and about 1 cm thick. [2]
Cancer of the thymus gland remains “very rare,” Dr. Ranjita Pallavi, a medical oncologist and Len Barchanowicz’s doctor at Allegheny Health Network in Pittsburgh, tells TODAY.com.
Ectopic thymus is a condition where thymus tissue is found in an abnormal location . It usually does not cause symptoms, but may leads to a mass in the neck that may compress the trachea and the esophagus. It is thought to be the result of either a failure of descent or a failure of involution of normal thymus tissue.
Diagram showing the position of the thymus gland. Date: 30 July 2014 (released by CRUK) Source: Original email from CRUK: Author: Cancer Research UK: Permission (Reusing this file) This image has been released as part of an open knowledge project by Cancer Research UK. If re-used, attribute to Cancer Research UK / Wikimedia Commons
However, the absence or presence of tumor necrosis is a component of the grading of NETs of many other origins, such as the upper aerodigestive tract, the lung and the thymus. [7] Neuroendocrine carcinomas are poorly differentiated high-grade neuroendocrine neoplasms and a designation of tumor grade is therefore redundant. [7]
It contains the heart, esophagus, trachea, thymus, and aorta. The most common mediastinal masses are thymoma (20% of mediastinal tumors), usually found in the anterior mediastinum, followed by neurogenic Timor (15–20%) located in the anterior mediastinum. [1] Lung cancer typically spreads to the lymph nodes in the mediastinum.
Head and neck cancer is a general term encompassing multiple cancers that can develop in the head and neck region. These include cancers of the mouth, tongue, gums and lips ( oral cancer ), voice box ( laryngeal ), throat ( nasopharyngeal , oropharyngeal , [ 1 ] hypopharyngeal ), salivary glands , nose and sinuses .