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Methyldopa, hydralazine, nifedipine, and labetalol are most commonly used for severe pregnancy hypertension. [7] The fetus is at increased risk for a variety of life-threatening conditions, including pulmonary hypoplasia (immature lungs). If the dangerous complications appear after the fetus has reached a point of viability, even though still ...
Studies show an interconnection of genetic, immunological, and environmental elements. Accurately pinpointing particular risk factors has stifled researchers because of the varied nature of Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. All types of HDP can be due to a various number of factors as mentioned above and can be brought upon in irregular manners.
Gestational diabetes can occur during pregnancy because of insulin resistance or reduced production of insulin. [2] Risk factors include being overweight, previously having gestational diabetes, a family history of type 2 diabetes, and having polycystic ovarian syndrome. [2] Diagnosis is by blood tests. [2]
Eclampsia is the onset of seizures (convulsions) in a woman with pre-eclampsia. [1] Pre-eclampsia is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy that presents with three main features: new onset of high blood pressure, large amounts of protein in the urine or other organ dysfunction, and edema.
Pulmonary edema (British English: oedema), also known as pulmonary congestion, is excessive fluid accumulation in the tissue or air spaces (usually alveoli) of the lungs. [1] This leads to impaired gas exchange , most often leading to shortness of breath ( dyspnea ) which can progress to hypoxemia and respiratory failure .
[2] [3] Pre-eclampsia increases the risk of undesirable as well as lethal outcomes for both the mother and the fetus including preterm labor. [11] [12] [3] If left untreated, it may result in seizures at which point it is known as eclampsia. [2] Risk factors for pre-eclampsia include obesity, prior hypertension, older age, and diabetes mellitus.
Pre-gestational diabetes can be classified as Type 1 or Type 2 depending on the physiological mechanism. Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disorder leading to destruction of insulin-producing cell in the pancreas; type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with obesity and results from a combination of insulin resistance and insufficient insulin production.
Symptoms include shortness of breath in various positions and/or with exertion, fatigue, pedal edema, and chest tightness. Risk factors associated with the development of this complication include maternal age over 30 years, multi gestational pregnancy, family history of cardiomyopathy, previous diagnosis of cardiomyopathy, pre-eclampsia ...