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The Abbe number is a measure of the dispersion of a transparent material, with high values indicating low dispersion. It is used in lens design and classification of glasses, and can be calculated from the refractive indices at different wavelengths.
Learn about the diffraction limit of optical instruments, such as microscopes, telescopes, and cameras, and how it depends on wavelength, aperture, and numerical aperture. Find out the formula for the Abbe diffraction limit and its applications in astronomy, laser, and digital photography.
STED microscopy is a super-resolution technique that uses stimulated emission depletion to improve resolution beyond the diffraction limit of light. It differs from confocal microscopy by selectively deactivating fluorophores with a high intensity laser, creating a doughnut-shaped de-excitation spot.
Optical aberration is a property of optical systems that causes light to be spread out rather than focused to a point. Learn about the different types of aberration, such as spherical, chromatic, coma, and astigmatism, and how they affect the image quality of lenses.
A corrective lens is a device that improves visual perception by correcting refractive errors. Learn about the different types of corrective lenses, such as glasses, contact lenses, intraocular lenses, and their prescriptions, uses, and advantages.
A condenser is an optical lens that renders a divergent light beam from a point light source into a parallel or converging beam. The Abbe condenser is named for its inventor Ernst Abbe and is mounted below the stage of the microscope. Learn about other types of condensers and their applications.
When the imaging system obeys the Abbe sine condition, the ratio of the sines of these angles equal the (lateral absolute) magnification of the system. In optics , the Abbe sine condition is a condition that must be fulfilled by a lens or other optical system in order for it to produce sharp images of off-axis as well as on-axis objects.
Dispersion is the phenomenon in which the phase velocity of a wave depends on its frequency, causing different colors of light to refract at different angles. Learn about material dispersion, waveguide dispersion, group-velocity dispersion, and their applications and effects in optics and wave propagation.