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Merkel nerve endings (also Merkel's disks, [1] or Merkel tactile endings [2]) are mechanoreceptors situated in the basal epidermis as well as around the apical ends or some hair follicles. [2] They are slowly adapting. They have small receptive fields measuring some milimeters in diameter. Most are associated with fast-conducting large ...
Merkel cells, also known as Merkel–Ranvier cells or tactile epithelial cells, are oval-shaped mechanoreceptors essential for light touch sensation and found in the skin of vertebrates. They are abundant in highly sensitive skin like that of the fingertips in humans , and make synaptic contacts with somatosensory afferent nerve fibers .
The Slowly Adapting type 1 (SA1) mechanoreceptor, with the Merkel corpuscle end-organ (also known as Merkel discs) detect sustained pressure and underlies the perception of form and roughness on the skin. [1] They have small receptive fields and produce sustained responses to static stimulation. [citation needed]
Pacinian corpuscles, Merkel disk receptors, and tactile corpuscles are all encapsulated nerve endings involved in tactile stimulation. [4] The Pacinian corpuscles are located within the deeper layer of the skin, under the skin in the subcutaneous tissues , within muscles , in the periosteum , and other deeper layers of the body.
The neural pathways that go to the brain are structured such that information about the location of the physical stimulus is preserved. In this way, neighboring neurons in the somatosensory cortex represent nearby locations on the skin or in the body, creating a map or sensory homunculus .
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Merkel's Disks - Located on the upper part of the dermis. Slow adapting receptors. Found on the fingertips as well as the eyelids. Meissner's Corpuscles - Located also on the upper part of the dermis. Found on the hairless skin including the lips as well as the eyelids. These are rapid adapting receptors.
Merkel cell carcinoma (also known as Merkel cell skin cancer) is a rare type of cancer where malignant cells form in the skin, according to the National Cancer Institute (NCI).