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The history of herbalism also overlaps with food history, as many of the herbs and spices historically used by humans to season food yield useful medicinal compounds, [1] [2] and use of spices with antimicrobial activity in cooking is part of an ancient response to the threat of food-borne pathogens. [3]
Infusions are hot water extracts of herbs, such as chamomile or mint, through steeping. Decoctions are the long-term boiled extracts, usually of harder substances like roots or bark. Maceration is the cold infusion of plants with high mucilage-content, such as sage or thyme. To make macerates, plants are chopped and added to cold water.
Humans depend on plants for food, either directly or as feed for domestic animals. Agriculture deals with the production of food crops, and has played a key role in the history of world civilizations. Agriculture includes agronomy for arable crops, horticulture for vegetables and fruit, and forestry for timber. [3]
Angiosperms (flowering plants) were the original source of most plant medicines. [9] Human settlements are often surrounded by weeds used as herbal medicines, such as nettle, dandelion and chickweed. [10] [11] Humans were not alone in using herbs: some animals, such as non-human primates, monarch butterflies and sheep ingest plants when they ...
The traditional form is a water-based suspension of kava roots. Kratom tea made from the dried leaves of the kratom tree. It has opioid-like properties and some stimulant-like effects. [14] [15] St. John's wort tea, the plant has been shown to have antidepressant properties according to a 2017 meta-analysis. [16]
Its seeds, leaves, bark, and flowers have been used medicinally for many centuries for treating joint pain, bladder and gastrointestinal problems, fever, leg cramps, and other conditions. It may be useful for treating chronic venous insufficiency. The raw plant materials are toxic unless processed. [7] Ageratina altissima: White snakeroot
Kneipp in 1890. Sebastian Kneipp (17 May 1821 – 17 June 1897) was a German Catholic priest and one of the forefathers of the naturopathic movement. He is most commonly associated with the "Kneipp Cure" form of hydrotherapy (often called "Kneipp therapy" or "Kneippism" [1] [2]), the application of water through various methods, temperatures and pressures, which he claimed to have therapeutic ...
Culinary: used as a nutritionally minor flavoring component in foods or beverages Tea: brewed in hot water to make a beverage (for primarily culinary rather than medicinal or ritual purposes) Medicinal: used, either directly or as a simple extract such as a tea, to cause some physiological effect, usually to treat some ailment or disease