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Cold porcelain is used in a similar way, but is made with white glue in place of the salt and water. It is a popular medium for modeling lifelike flowers. Mastic cold porcelain uses bicarbonate of soda rather than salt. It is preferred by some people who do not like to work with salt.
As the recipe was kept secret, experiments continued elsewhere, mixing glass materials (fused and ground into a frit) with clay or other substances to give whiteness and a degree of plasticity. Plymouth porcelain , founded in 1748, which moved to Bristol soon after, was the first English factory to make hard-paste.
Underglaze transfers are a technique that involves screenprinting or free handing a pattern onto a transfer paper (often rice paper or newspaper) which is then placed, dampened, and burnished onto the surface of a leather-hard piece of clay (similar to how a lick-and-stick tattoo might be applied). [21]
Once conditioned, the clay will remain pliable until the particles eventually re-adhere. [8] Oven-hardenable PVC plastisol, "liquid polymer clay," is a complement to polymer clay that can be used as an adhesive to combine pieces, or to create various effects. Pigments, chalk pastel, and regular polymer clay can be added to make colored liquid clay.
African red slip ware: moulded Mithras slaying the bull, 400 ± 50 AD.. A slip is a clay slurry used to produce pottery and other ceramic wares. [1] Liquified clay, in which there is no fixed ratio of water and clay, is called slip or clay slurry which is used either for joining leather-hard (semi-hardened) clay body (pieces of pottery) together by slipcasting with mould, glazing or decorating ...
Hard-paste porcelain was invented in China, and it was also used in Japanese porcelain.Most of the finest quality porcelain wares are made of this material. The earliest European porcelains were produced at the Meissen factory in the early 18th century; they were formed from a paste composed of kaolin and alabaster and fired at temperatures up to 1,400 °C (2,552 °F) in a wood-fired kiln ...
Underglaze decoration may then be applied, followed by glaze, which is fired so it bonds to the body. The glazed porcelain may then be painted with overglaze decoration and fired again to bond the paint with the glaze. Most pieces use only one of underglaze or overglaze painting, the latter often being referred to as "enamelled".
[contradictory] This type of clay is water-soluble and unstable. Earthenware is clay that has been fired between 1000–1200°C or 1832°–2192°F. The firing makes the clay water insoluble but does not allow the formation of an extensive glassy or vitreous within the body. Although water-insoluble, the porous body of earthenware allows water ...