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Modem A begins dialing. Modem B's phone-line rings, and the modem reports the fact. ATA: Computer at modem B issues answer command. CONNECT: CONNECT: The modems connect, and both modems report "connect". (In practice, most modems report more information after the word CONNECT — specifying the speed of the connection.)
Modems always start out in command mode when powered up. Here are the ways a modem can switch to data mode: After a successful dial-out connection in response to an "ATD" dial command in which the modem reaches another modem. After answering the phone with the "ATA" answer command, if another modem is on the other end.
As the data may not always be compressible (for example encrypted or pre-compressed data) the modem has the ability to switch between compressed and uncompressed modes of operation. Compression performance is continually monitored and, if no compression is obtained, the modem transmits the data in uncompressed form.
2. Enter your username or email address and password. 3. Click Sign On. 4. Add your location name and connection type. 5. Click Next twice. 6. Select your dialing options. 7. Click Next. 8. Enter your Area Code and click Next. 9. Select 2-3 AOL access phone numbers. 10. Click Next twice to confirm your choices. 11. Click Save and then Save Changes.
In this way, the modem could be instructed by the computer to perform various operations, such as hang up the phone or dial a number. The modem would normally start-up in command mode. The problem was how to move from mode to mode. One option would be to signal this using one of the many pins in the RS-232 cable.
The list of supported events varies by modem, but usually a digit (as well as * and #) mean touch-tones pressed, and the letter "s" means silence detected. Some modems report only one event for each touch-tone keypress, while others report a keypress repeatedly until the key is released, and then a special "key released" event.
Uncapping, in the context of cable modems, refers to a number of activities performed to alter an Internet service provider's modem settings. It is sometimes done for the sake of bandwidth (i.e. by buying a 512 kbit/s access modem and then altering it to 10 Mbit/s), pluggable interfaces (as by using more than one public ID), or any configurable options a DOCSIS modem can offer.
A label edge router (LER, also known as edge LSR) is a router that operates at the edge of an MPLS network and acts as the entry and exit points for the network. LERs push an MPLS label onto an incoming packet [b] and pop it off an outgoing packet.