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  2. pandas (software) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandas_(software)

    As such, a DataFrame can be thought of as having two indices: one column-based and one row-based. Because column names are stored as an index, these are not required to be unique. [9]: 103–105 If data is a Series, then data['a'] returns all values with the index value of a. However, if data is a DataFrame, then data['a'] returns all values in ...

  3. Lempel–Ziv–Markov chain algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lempel–Ziv–Markov_chain...

    Context-based range decoding is invoked by the LZMA algorithm passing it a reference to the "context", which consists of the unsigned 11-bit variable prob (typically implemented using a 16-bit data type) representing the predicted probability of the bit being 0, which is read and updated by the range decoder (and should be initialized to ...

  4. Zero-inflated model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-inflated_model

    Data with such an excess of zero counts are described as Zero-inflated. [4] Example histograms of zero-inflated Poisson distributions with mean of 5 or 10 and proportion of zero inflation of 0.2 or 0.5 are shown below, based on the R program ZeroInflPoiDistPlots.R from Bilder and Laughlin. [1]

  5. Bivariate data - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bivariate_data

    In statistics, bivariate data is data on each of two variables, where each value of one of the variables is paired with a value of the other variable. [1] It is a specific but very common case of multivariate data. The association can be studied via a tabular or graphical display, or via sample statistics which might be used for inference.

  6. Merge algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merge_algorithm

    Two red arrows starting from the same node indicate a split, while two green arrows ending at the same node correspond to an execution of the merge algorithm. The merge algorithm plays a critical role in the merge sort algorithm, a comparison-based sorting algorithm. Conceptually, the merge sort algorithm consists of two steps:

  7. Zip2 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zip2

    Zip2 Corp. [2] was a company that provided and licensed online city guide software to newspapers. [3] The company was founded in Palo Alto, California as Global Link Information Network, Inc. on November 9, 1995, [4] by Greg Kouri and brothers Elon and Kimbal Musk.

  8. R (programming language) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R_(programming_language)

    R is a programming language for statistical computing and data visualization.It has been adopted in the fields of data mining, bioinformatics and data analysis. [9]The core R language is augmented by a large number of extension packages, containing reusable code, documentation, and sample data.

  9. ZIP (file format) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZIP_(file_format)

    ZIP files generally use the file extensions.zip or .ZIP and the MIME media type application/zip. [1] ZIP is used as a base file format by many programs, usually under a different name. When navigating a file system via a user interface, graphical icons representing ZIP files often appear as a document or other object prominently featuring a ...