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The oxytocin receptors of the female prairie vole brain are located more densely in the reward system, and have more receptors than other species, which causes 'addiction' to the social behavior. [ 10 ] [ 11 ] [ 12 ] In the male prairie vole, the gene for the vasopressin receptor has a longer segment, as opposed to the montane vole, which has a ...
Carter C.S., Getz L.L. (1993) Monogamy and the prairie vole, Scientific American 268: 100–106; Carter C.S. & Keverne EB. (2002) The neurobiology of social affiliation and pair bonding, In Hormones, Brain and Behavior, edited by D. Pfaff, pp. 299–337, Academic Press, San Diego CA; Carter C.S. (2003) Developmental consequences of oxytocin.
The genetic alteration changed the mating behaviour of the prairie vole, turning a once promiscuous prairie vole, monogamous. The change in mating behaviour, while genetic in nature, was caused by an increase in the receptiveness of the prairie voles brain to the neuropeptides oxytocin and vasopressin.
In the prairie vole, oxytocin released into the brain of the female during sexual activity is important for forming a pair bond with her sexual partner. Vasopressin appears to have a similar effect in males. [99] Oxytocin has a role in social behaviors in many species, so it likely also does in humans.
Vasopressin is responsible for forming attachment between male and female prairie voles. [4] Vasopressin also regulates paternal care. [15] Finally, vasopressin activity results in "postmating aggression" that allows prairie voles to protect their mate. [17] Oxytocin is a hormone that regulates pair bond formation along with vasopressin. [18]
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Slightly larger than moles, voles are 5 to 8 inches long and resemble field mice with short tails, compact heavy bodies, small eyes, and partially hidden ears, says Smith.
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