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Treatment of uterine cancer may differ depending on the type of cancer and staging of the tumor. [15] In early stages, minimal invasive surgery is preferred. [16] For endometrial cancer, five main types of treatments are used, including surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and targeted therapy
Uterine sarcoma is rare, out of all malignancies of the uterine body only about 4% will be uterine sarcomas. [7] Generally, the cause of the lesion is not known, however, patients with a history of pelvic radiation are at higher risk. Most tumors occur after menopause. Women who take long-term tamoxifen are at higher risk. [8]
Endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN) is a premalignant lesion of the uterine lining that predisposes to endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma. It is composed of a collection of abnormal endometrial cells, arising from the glands that line the uterus , which have a tendency over time to progress to the most common form of uterine cancer ...
The most frequent type of endometrial cancer is endometrioid carcinoma, which accounts for more than 80% of cases. [3] Endometrial cancer is commonly diagnosed by endometrial biopsy or by taking samples during a procedure known as dilation and curettage. [1] A pap smear is not typically sufficient to show endometrial cancer. [4]
Leiomyoma enucleated from a uterus. External surface on left; cut surface on right. Micrograph of a small, well-circumscribed colonic leiomyoma arising from the muscularis mucosae and showing fascicles of spindle cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm and elongated, cigar-shaped nuclei Immunohistochemistry for β-catenin in uterine leiomyoma, which is negative as there is only staining of cytoplasm ...
Uterine clear-cell carcinoma is staged like other forms of endometrial carcinoma at time of surgery using the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) cancer staging system 2009. [4] IA Tumor confined to the uterus, no or < 1 ⁄ 2 myometrial invasion IB Tumor confined to the uterus, > 1 ⁄ 2 myometrial invasion
Uterine serous carcinoma is a malignant form of serous tumor that originates in the uterus. It is an uncommon form of endometrial cancer that typically arises in postmenopausal women. It is typically diagnosed on endometrial biopsy , prompted by post-menopausal bleeding .
Endometrial stromal tumours are a type of mesenchymal tumor of the main body of the uterus. [1] Types include endometrial stromal nodule , the distinct low and high-grade endometrial stromal sarcomas , and undifferentiated uterine sarcoma.