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Hindustani, the lingua franca of Northern India and Pakistan, has two standardised registers: Hindi and Urdu.Grammatical differences between the two standards are minor but each uses its own script: Hindi uses Devanagari while Urdu uses an extended form of the Perso-Arabic script, typically in the Nastaʿlīq style.
Madarchod (मादरचोद, مادرچود; English: Motherfucker), sometimes abbreviated as MC, is a Hindustani language vulgarism. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] It is a form of the profanity fuck . [ 8 ] While the word is usually considered highly offensive, it is rarely used in the literal sense of one who engages in sexual activity with another person ...
Being the official script for Hindi, Devanagari is officially used in the Union Government of India as well as several Indian states where Hindi is an official language, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Mizoram, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand, and the Indian union territories of Delhi, Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Dadra and Nagar Haveli ...
Three braille alphabets are used: Hindi and Urdu braille in India, based on Bharati braille conventions, and Urdu Braille in Pakistan, based on Persian Braille conventions. Hindi Braille is an alphabet with a not written in some environments, while for Urdu Braille in Pakistan, it seems that vowels may be optional as they are in print.
This day to day language was often referred to by the all-encompassing term Hindustani." [5] In Colonial India, Hindi-Urdu acquired vocabulary introduced by Christian missionaries from the Germanic and Romanic languages, e.g. pādrī (Devanagari: पादरी, Nastaleeq: پادری) from padre, meaning pastor. [6]
Zehal-e-Miskin is the first ghazal in Urdu literature, written by Amir Khusrau, through combining the Old Hindi language Braj Bhasha (Hindavi) and Persian. This Persianised combination was later known as Rekhta (the ancestor of Modern Standard Urdu). [12] [13] The poem effectively conveys the agony experienced due to the distance from the ...
broad transcriptions in Hindi, Arabic and Hebrew transcriptions ẋ: x with dot: voiceless uvular fricative: χ: used by Americanists: X: uppercase x: voiceless uvular fricative: χ: a mistake Y: uppercase y: voiced labial–palatal approximant: ɥ: a mistake baby gamma: close-mid back unrounded vowel: ɤ
Hindi literature (Hindi: हिंदी साहित्य, romanized: hindī sāhitya) includes literature in the various Central Indo-Aryan languages, also known as Hindi, some of which have different writing systems. Earliest forms of Hindi literature are attested in poetry of Apabhraṃśa such as Awadhi and Marwari.