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For example, the pH of a 0.01 in moles per litreM solution of hydrochloric acid (HCl) is equal to 2 (pH = −log 10 (0.01)), while the pOH of a 0.01 M solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is equal to 2 (pOH = −log 10 (0.01)), which corresponds to a pH of about 12.
A logarithmic unit is a unit that can be used to express a quantity (physical or mathematical) on a logarithmic scale, that is, as being proportional to the value of a logarithm function applied to the ratio of the quantity and a reference quantity of the same type. The choice of unit generally indicates the type of quantity and the base of the ...
The distribution coefficient, log D, is the ratio of the sum of the concentrations of all forms of the compound (ionized plus un-ionized) in each of the two phases, one essentially always aqueous; as such, it depends on the pH of the aqueous phase, and log D = log P for non-ionizable compounds at any pH. [13] [14] For measurements of ...
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The ocean contains a natural buffer system to maintain a pH between 8.1 and 8.3. [11] The oceans buffer system is known as the carbonate buffer system. [12] The carbonate buffer system is a series of reactions that uses carbonate as a buffer to convert into bicarbonate. [12]
Thus a hin is twelve log. [2] A list of conversions follows: 1 hin (הִין hîn) = 12 logs; 1 log = 6 Beitzah (egg) [3] The log is believed to have been equal to a little over 500 ml (17 US fl oz); thus, a hin was a little over 6 L (1.6 US gal). [4]
In chemistry, acid value (AV, acid number, neutralization number or acidity) is a number used to quantify the acidity of a given chemical substance.It is the quantity of base (usually potassium hydroxide (KOH)), expressed as milligrams of KOH required to neutralize the acidic constituents in 1 gram of a sample.
The relative activity of a species i, denoted a i, is defined [4] [5] as: = where μ i is the (molar) chemical potential of the species i under the conditions of interest, μ o i is the (molar) chemical potential of that species under some defined set of standard conditions, R is the gas constant, T is the thermodynamic temperature and e is the exponential constant.