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The term "Freshman 15" is an expression commonly used in the United States and Canada to refer to weight gain during a student's first year in college.Although the 15 refers to a 15 lb. (6.8 kg) weight gain, the expression can apply to weight gain in general.
V d is the volume of distribution (L); typically body weight (kg) multiplied by 0.71 L/kg for men and 0.58 L/kg for women [32] [33] although estimation using TBW is more accurate. [ 34 ] A standard drink, defined by the WHO as 10 grams of pure alcohol, [ 35 ] is the most frequently used measure in many countries .
The Harris–Benedict equation (also called the Harris-Benedict principle) is a method used to estimate an individual's basal metabolic rate (BMR).. The estimated BMR value may be multiplied by a number that corresponds to the individual's activity level; the resulting number is the approximate daily kilocalorie intake to maintain current body weight.
The metabolic equivalent of task (MET) is the objective measure of the ratio of the rate at which a person expends energy, relative to the mass of that person, while performing some specific physical activity compared to a reference, currently set by convention at an absolute 3.5 mL of oxygen per kg per minute, which is the energy expended when sitting quietly by a reference individual, chosen ...
Smoking has a significant effect on an individual's weight. Those who quit smoking gain an average of 4.4 kilograms (9.7 lb) for men and 5.0 kilograms (11.0 lb) for women over ten years. [156] However, changing rates of smoking have had little effect on the overall rates of obesity. [157]
The impact of alcohol on weight-gain is contentious: some studies find no effect, [144] others find decreased [145] or increased effect on weight gain. Alcohol use increases the risk of chronic gastritis (stomach inflammation); [3] [146] it is one cause of cirrhosis, hepatitis, and pancreatitis in both its chronic and acute forms.
Metabolic syndrome; Other names: Dysmetabolic syndrome X: A man with marked central obesity, a hallmark of metabolic syndrome. His weight is 182 kg (400 lbs), height 185 cm (6 ft 1 in), and body mass index (BMI) 53 (normal 18.5 to 24.9).
The average mass of an adult human is 59 kg (130 lb) for females and 77 kg (170 lb) for males. [168] [169] Like many other conditions, body weight and body type are influenced by both genetic susceptibility and environment and varies greatly among individuals. [170] [171] Humans have a far faster and more accurate throw than other animals. [172]