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The reduction of nitro compounds are chemical reactions of wide interest in organic chemistry. The conversion can be effected by many reagents. The nitro group was one of the first functional groups to be reduced. Alkyl and aryl nitro compounds behave differently. Most useful is the reduction of aryl nitro compounds.
The Barton reaction, also known as the Barton nitrite ester reaction, is a photochemical reaction that involves the photolysis of an alkyl nitrite to form a δ- nitroso alcohol. Discovered in 1960, the reaction is named for its discoverer, Nobel laureate Sir Derek Barton. [1] Barton's Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1969 was awarded for his work on ...
The Béchamp reduction (or Béchamp process) is a chemical reaction that converts aromatic nitro compounds to their corresponding anilines using iron as the reductant: [1] 4 C 6 H 5 NO 2 + 9 Fe + 4 H 2 O → 4 C 6 H 5 NH 2 + 3 Fe 3 O 4. This reaction was once a major route to aniline, but catalytic hydrogenation is the preferred method. [2]
Desulfonylation reactionsare chemical reactions leading to the removal of a sulfonylgroup from organic compounds. As the sulfonyl functional group is electron-withdrawing,[1]methods for cleaving the sulfur–carbon bonds of sulfones are typically reductive in nature. Olefination or replacement with hydrogenmay be accomplished using reductive ...
Samarium (II) iodide is a one-electron reductant, and typically effects reduction through a series of electron transfer and proton transfer (from protic solvent) steps. [ 4 ][ 3 ] Reducible functional groups include: α-Functionalized carbonyl compounds. Ketones and aldehydes. Carboxylic acids (under strongly acidic or basic conditions) Organic ...
RSC ontology ID. RXNO:0000088. The Negishi coupling is a widely employed transition metal catalyzed cross-coupling reaction. The reaction couples organic halides or triflates with organozinc compounds, forming carbon-carbon bonds (C-C) in the process. A palladium (0) species is generally utilized as the catalyst, though nickel is sometimes used ...
ritter-reaction. RSC ontology ID. RXNO:0000058. The Ritter reaction is a chemical reaction that transforms a nitrile into an N -alkyl amide using various electrophilic alkylating reagents. The original reaction formed the alkylating agent using an alkene in the presence of a strong acid. [1][2][3][4]
Nitrilase was first discovered in the early 1960s for its ability to catalyze the hydration of a nitrile to a carboxylic acid. [2] Although it was known at the time that nitrilase could operate with wide substrate specificity in producing the corresponding acid, later studies reported the first NHase (nitrile hydratase) activity exhibited by nitrilase.