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Specialty. Ophthalmology, optometry. Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) is a medical condition involving loss of vision caused by damage to the anterior portion of the optic nerve as a result of insufficient blood supply (ischemia). This form of ischemic optic neuropathy is generally categorized as two types: arteritic AION (or AAION ...
The terms "giant cell arteritis" and "temporal arteritis" are sometimes used interchangeably, because of the frequent involvement of the temporal artery. However, other large vessels such as the aortacan be involved.[44] Giant-cell arteritis is also known as "cranial arteritis" and "Horton's disease".[45] The name (giant cellarteritis) reflects ...
Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a type of systemic necrotizing vasculitis that primarily affects arteries of medium size. While small vessels like arterioles, capillaries, and venules are not affected, small arteries can be. The disease spectrum varies from failure of multiple organs to involvement of a single organ.
Arteritis. Arteritis is a vascular disorder characterized by inflammation of the walls of arteries, [1] usually as a result of infection or autoimmune responses. Arteritis, a complex disorder, is still not entirely understood. [2] Arteritis may be distinguished by its different types, based on the organ systems affected by the disease. [2]
Vasculitis is a group of disorders that destroy blood vessels by inflammation. [ 2 ] Both arteries and veins are affected. Lymphangitis (inflammation of lymphatic vessels) is sometimes considered a type of vasculitis. [ 3 ] Vasculitis is primarily caused by leukocyte migration and resultant damage.
Aortitis is most commonly seen in patients with syphilis, autoimmune vasculitis (giant cell arteritis, Takayasu's arteritis), polymyalgia rheumatica, and rheumatoid arthritis. [2] IgG4-related disease has more recently been identified as a cause of aortitis, and also as a cause of periaortitis (inflammation surrounding the aorta). [3]
A giant cell (also known as a multinucleated giant cell, or multinucleate giant cell) is a mass formed by the union of several distinct cells (usually histiocytes), often forming a granuloma. [ 1 ] Although there is typically a focus on the pathological aspects of multinucleate giant cells (MGCs), they also play many important physiological roles.
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), previously known as Wegener's granulomatosis (WG), [1][2][3][4][5] after the German physician Friedrich Wegener, is a rare long-term systemic disorder that involves the formation of granulomas and inflammation of blood vessels (vasculitis). It is an autoimmune disease and a form of vasculitis that affects ...