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The County of Flanders was created in the year 862 as a feudal fief in West Francia, the predecessor of the Kingdom of France.After a period of growing power within France, it was divided when its western districts fell under French rule in the late 12th century, with the remaining parts of Flanders came under the rule of the counts of neighbouring Hainaut in 1191.
Flemish people also emigrated at the end of the fifteenth century, when Flemish traders conducted intensive trade with Spain and Portugal, and from there moved to colonies in America and Africa. [28] The newly discovered Azores were populated by 2,000 Flemish people from 1460 onwards, making these volcanic islands known as the "Flemish Islands".
Flanders (/ ˈflɑːndərz /, / ˈflæn -/ [ a ]; Dutch: Vlaanderen [ˈvlaːndərə (n)] ⓘ) [ b ] is the Dutch -speaking northern portion of Belgium and one of the communities, regions and language areas of Belgium. However, there are several overlapping definitions, including ones related to culture, language, politics, and history, and ...
Many Flemish fled to Holland, among them half of the population of Antwerp, 3/4 of Bruges and Ghent and the entire population of Nieuwpoort, Dunkerque and countryside. [66] His successful campaign gave the Catholics control of the lower half of the Low Countries, and was part of the Catholic Counter-Reformation .
In the 1540s the English Tudor conquest of Ireland began. The first plantations were in the 1550s, during the reign of Queen Mary I, in Laois (' Queen's County ') and Offaly (' King's County '). These plantations were based around existing frontier forts, but they were largely unsuccessful due to fierce resistance from native Irish clans.
The 2009-2013 survey estimated 141,580 people of 5 years and over to speak Dutch at home, [ 3 ] which was equal to 0.0486% of the total population of the United States. In 2021, 95.3% of the total Dutch American population of 5 years and over only spoke English at home.
Flemish was "reduced to the tongue of a second-class culture." [65] Parts of the Flemish population reacted against this. This was partly due to a sense of growing Flemish identity. Flemish victories, like the Battle of the Golden Spurs in 1302 were celebrated and a Flemish cultural movement, led by figures like Hendrik Conscience was born.
The first burgess to be explicitly stated as being Flemish was in 1451, although Flemish names occur in the town from much earlier. [8] [40] Colchester was one of the centres of the Peasants' Revolt in 1381. [34] One of the leaders of the Rebels, John Ball of St Albans, had been a priest in Colchester for a long period in the 1350s. [34]