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Haloperidol is used in the treatment of schizophrenia, tics in Tourette syndrome, mania in bipolar disorder, delirium, agitation, acute psychosis, and hallucinations from alcohol withdrawal. [9][10][11] It may be used by mouth or injection into a muscle or a vein. [9] Haloperidol typically works within 30 to 60 minutes. [9]
Haloperidol decanoate is provided in the form of 50 or 100 mg/mL oil solution of sesame oil and benzyl alcohol in ampoules or pre-filled syringes. [6] [7] [9] Its elimination half-life after multiple doses is 21 days. [10] [11] The medication is marketed in many countries throughout the world. [3] [12
Ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic used medically for induction and maintenance of anesthesia. It is also used as a treatment for depression and in pain management. [19] Ketamine is an NMDA receptor antagonist which accounts for most of its psychoactive effects. [20]
Typical antipsychotic. Typical antipsychotics (also known as major tranquilizers, and first generation antipsychotics) are a class of antipsychotic drugs first developed in the 1950s and used to treat psychosis (in particular, schizophrenia). Typical antipsychotics may also be used for the treatment of acute mania, agitation, and other conditions.
An orally disintegrating tablet or orally dissolving tablet (ODT) is a drug dosage form available for a limited range of over-the-counter (OTC) and prescription medications. ODTs differ from traditional tablets in that they are designed to be dissolved on the tongue rather than swallowed whole. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] The ODT serves ...
Pharmacological torture is the use of psychotropic or other drugs to punish or extract information from a person. [1] The aim is to force compliance by causing distress, which could be in the form of pain, anxiety, psychological disturbance, immobilization, or disorientation. [1][2] One form of this torture involves forcibly injecting a person ...
Oculogyric crisis (OGC) is a rare sudden, paroxysmal, dystonic reaction that may manifest in response to specific drugs, particularly neuroleptics, or medical conditions, such as movement disorders. This neurological phenomenon is characterized by a sustained dystonic, conjugate, involuntary upward deviation of both eyes lasting seconds to hours.
Clonazepam was patented in 1960 and went on sale in 1975 in the United States from Roche. [16] [17] It is available as a generic medication. [11] In 2022, it was the 57th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 11 million prescriptions. [18] [19] In many areas of the world, it is commonly used as a recreational ...