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Bainbridge reflex. The Bainbridge reflex or Bainbridge effect (also called the atrial reflex) is a cardiovascular reflex causing an increase in heart rate in response to increased stretching of the wall of the right atrium due to increased filling of the right atrium with venous blood. It is detected by stretch receptors embedded within the ...
Moreover, the vigorous heart palpitations induced by the accelerans nerve in the hearts of cats seem to disappear quickly after a low-frequency stimulation is applied to the nerves. [2] [5] [10] This quick shift in the heart rate resulted in the idea that decreases of stroke volume in humans requires direct vagal control of the heart ventricles.
Reflex bradycardia. Reflex bradycardia is a bradycardia (decrease in heart rate) in response to the baroreceptor reflex, one of the body's homeostatic mechanisms for preventing abnormal increases in blood pressure. In the presence of high mean arterial pressure, the baroreceptor reflex produces a reflex bradycardia as a method of decreasing ...
Therefore, stimulation of the accelerans nerve increases heart rate, while stimulation of the vagus nerve decreases it. [6] As water and blood are incompressible fluids, one of the physiological ways to deliver more blood to an organ is to increase heart rate. [5] Normal resting heart rates range from 60 to 100 bpm.
the vagus nerve, part of the parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system, to lower heart rate. The cardiovascular centre also increases the stroke volume of the heart (that is, the amount of blood it pumps).
Factors that increase heart rate also trigger an increase in stroke volume. As with skeletal muscles the heart can increase in size and efficiency with exercise. [1] Thus endurance athletes such as marathon runners may have a heart that has hypertrophied by up to 40%.
Major factors influencing cardiac output – heart rate and stroke volume, both of which are variable. [1]In cardiac physiology, cardiac output (CO), also known as heart output and often denoted by the symbols , ˙, or ˙, [2] is the volumetric flow rate of the heart's pumping output: that is, the volume of blood being pumped by a single ventricle of the heart, per unit time (usually measured ...
Clonidine acts on the central nervous system to inhibit the sympathetic nervous system, leading to a decrease in blood pressure. It is commonly used to reduce the risk of stroke and heart attacks by treating high blood pressure, anxiety and panic disorders. It also leads to decreased norepinephrine release from the sympathetic nerve terminals. [11]