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Although bone tissue contains no pain receptors, a bone fracture is painful for several reasons: [3] Breaking in the continuity of the periosteum, with or without similar discontinuity in endosteum, as both contain multiple pain receptors. Edema and hematoma of nearby soft tissues caused by ruptured bone marrow evokes pressure pain.
Frequency. 15% (50 year olds), 70% (over 80 year olds) [7] Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disorder characterized by low bone mass, micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue leading to more porous bone, and consequent increase in fracture risk. It is the most common reason for a broken bone among the elderly. [3]
Orthopedic. X-ray of the hips in osteogenesis imperfecta, showing low bone density. The main symptom of osteogenesis imperfecta is fragile, low mineral density bones; all types of OI have some bone involvement. [5] In moderate and especially severe OI, the long bones may be bowed, sometimes extremely so. [28]
Sternal fracture. A sternal fracture is a fracture of the sternum (the breastbone), located in the center of the chest. The injury, which occurs in 5–8% of people who experience significant blunt chest trauma, may occur in vehicle accidents, when the still-moving chest strikes a steering wheel or dashboard [1] or is injured by a seatbelt.
A clavicle fracture, also known as a broken collarbone, is a bone fracture of the clavicle. [1] Symptoms typically include pain at the site of the break and a decreased ability to move the affected arm. [1] Complications can include a collection of air in the pleural space surrounding the lung (pneumothorax), injury to the nerves or blood ...
A femoral fracture is a bone fracture that involves the femur. They are typically sustained in high-impact trauma, such as car crashes, due to the large amount of force needed to break the bone. Fractures of the diaphysis, or middle of the femur, are managed differently from those at the head, neck, and trochanter; those are conventionally ...
Rheumatology. A pathologic fracture is a bone fracture caused by weakness of the bone structure that leads to decrease mechanical resistance to normal mechanical loads. [1] This process is most commonly due to osteoporosis, but may also be due to other pathologies such as cancer, infection (such as osteomyelitis), inherited bone disorders, or a ...
3% of adult fractures [1] A pelvic fracture is a break of the bony structure of the pelvis. [1] This includes any break of the sacrum, hip bones (ischium, pubis, ilium), or tailbone. [1] Symptoms include pain, particularly with movement. [1] Complications may include internal bleeding, injury to the bladder, or vaginal trauma. [2][3]