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Gold cyanidation (also known as the cyanide process or the MacArthur–Forrest process) is a hydrometallurgical technique for extracting gold from low-grade ore through conversion to a water-soluble coordination complex. It is the most commonly used leaching process for gold extraction. [1]
In tank leaching the material is ground sufficiently fine to form a slurry or pulp, which can flow under gravity or when pumped. In vat leaching typically a coarser material is placed in the vat for leaching, this reduces the cost of size reduction; Tanks are typically equipped with agitators, baffles, gas introduction equipment designed to ...
Cyanide leaching "heap" at a gold mining operation near Elko, Nevada. On top of the large mounds of ore, are sprinklers dispensing a solution of cyanide. Gold extraction is the extraction of gold from dilute ores using a combination of chemical processes. Gold mining produces about 3600 tons annually, [1] and another 300 tons is produced from ...
At this tank the fresh carbon has a high affinity for gold and can remove trace amounts of gold (to levels below 0.01 mg/L Au in solution). As it moves up the train, the carbon loads to higher and higher concentrations of gold, as it comes in contact with higher grade solutions.
Stirred tank, also called agitation leaching, involves contacting material, which has usually undergone size reduction and classification, with leach solution in agitated tanks. The agitation can enhance reaction kinetics by enhancing mass transfer. Tanks are often configured as reactors in series.
Leaching is a process widely used in extractive metallurgy where ore is treated with chemicals to convert the valuable metals within the ore, into soluble salts while the impurity remains insoluble. These can then be washed out and processed to give the pure metal; the materials left over are commonly known as tailings .
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The Merrill–Crowe Process is a separation technique for removing gold from the solution obtained by the cyanide leaching of gold ores. It is an improvement of the MacArthur-Forrest process, where an additional vacuum is managed to remove air in the solution (invention of Crowe), and zinc dust is used instead of zinc shavings (improvement of Merrill).