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  2. Pancreatic islets - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancreatic_islets

    The pancreatic islets or islets of Langerhans are the regions of the pancreas that contain its endocrine (hormone-producing) cells, discovered in 1869 by German pathological anatomist Paul Langerhans. [1] The pancreatic islets constitute 1–2% of the pancreas volume and receive 10–15% of its blood flow.

  3. Beta cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta_cell

    Beta cells (β-cells) are specialized endocrine cells located within the pancreatic islets of Langerhans responsible for the production and release of insulin and amylin. [1] Constituting ~50–70% of cells in human islets, beta cells play a vital role in maintaining blood glucose levels. [2] Problems with beta cells can lead to disorders such ...

  4. Alpha cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha_cell

    Islets of Langerhans were first discussed by Paul Langerhans in his medical thesis in 1869. [2] This same year, Édouard Laguesse named them after Langerhans. [3] At first, there was a lot of controversy about what the Islets were made of and what they did. [3]

  5. Pancreatic polypeptide cells - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancreatic_polypeptide_cells

    The pancreatic islets, where PP cells reside, was discovered in 1869 by a German pathological anatomist and scientist, Paul Langerhans. PP cells help to make up the pancreas but are smallest in proportion to the other cells previously stated. The proportions can vary based on which animals are being studied, but in humans, PP cells make up less ...

  6. Epsilon cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epsilon_cell

    Epsilon cells (ε-cells) are one of the five types of endocrine cells found in regions of the pancreas called Islets of Langerhans. [1] Epsilon cells produce the hormone ghrelin that induces hunger. They were first discovered in mice. In humans, these cells compose less than 1% of all islet cells.

  7. Enteroendocrine cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enteroendocrine_cell

    Pancreatic enteroendocrine cells are located in the islets of Langerhans and produce most importantly the hormones insulin and glucagon. The autonomous nervous system strongly regulates their secretion, with parasympathetic stimulation stimulating insulin secretion and inhibiting glucagon secretion and sympathetic stimulation having opposite ...

  8. Insulin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin

    The function of the "little heaps of cells", later known as the islets of Langerhans, initially remained unknown, but Édouard Laguesse later suggested they might produce secretions that play a regulatory role in digestion. [112] Paul Langerhans' son, Archibald, also helped to understand this regulatory role.

  9. Langerhans cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langerhans_cell

    Langerhans cell is represented by a yellow oval; blue arrows correspond to is_a relations, and orange arrows correspond to develops_from relations. Only a subset of Langerhans cell parent types are included in the figure. [1] A Langerhans cell (LC) is a tissue-resident macrophage of the skin [2] once thought to be a resident dendritic cell. [3]