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Nitric acid, with a pK value of around −1.7, behaves as a strong acid in aqueous solutions with a pH greater than 1. [23] At lower pH values it behaves as a weak acid. pK a values for strong acids have been estimated by theoretical means. [24] For example, the pK a value of aqueous HCl has been estimated as −9.3.
Example Bjerrum plot: Change in carbonate system of seawater from ocean acidification.. A Bjerrum plot (named after Niels Bjerrum), sometimes also known as a Sillén diagram (after Lars Gunnar Sillén), or a Hägg diagram (after Gunnar Hägg) [1] is a graph of the concentrations of the different species of a polyprotic acid in a solution, as a function of pH, [2] when the solution is at ...
Such plots have been also used to calibrate glass electrodes, to estimate the carbonate content of aqueous solutions, and to estimate the K a values (acid dissociation constants) of weak acids and bases from titration data. Gran plots are named after Swedish chemist Gunnar Gran, who developed the method in 1950.
Any acid with a pK a less than about −2 is said to be a strong acid. Strong acids are said to be fully dissociated. Strong acids are said to be fully dissociated. There is no precise p K a value that distinguishes between strong and weak acids because strong acids, such as sulfuric acid , are associated in very concentrated solution.
Dibasic, or diprotic acid, an acid containing two potential protons to donate; Dibasic salt, a salt with two hydrogen atoms, with respect to the parent acid, replaced by cations; Dibasic ester, an ester of a dicarboxylic acid
In chemistry and biochemistry, the Henderson–Hasselbalch equation = + ([] []) relates the pH of a chemical solution of a weak acid to the numerical value of the acid dissociation constant, K a, of acid and the ratio of the concentrations, [] [] of the acid and its conjugate base in an equilibrium.
The acid itself is added to foods as an antioxidant E334 and to impart its distinctive sour taste. Naturally occurring tartaric acid is a useful raw material in organic synthesis. Tartaric acid, an alpha-hydroxy-carboxylic acid, is diprotic and aldaric in acid characteristics and is a dihydroxyl derivative of succinic acid.
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