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Military retirement in the United States is a system of benefits designed to improve the quality and retention of personnel recruited to and retained within the United States military. These benefits are technically not a veterans pension , but a retainer payment, as retired service members are eligible to be reactivated.
The Officer Personnel Act of 1947 gave the Army its first up-or-out promotion system, eliminating officers after a maximum number of years in each grade. Before 1947, Army officers were promoted by seniority up to the grade of colonel, with a mandatory retirement age of 60 for colonels, 62 for brigadier generals, and 64 for major generals.
Set mandatory retirement for reserve officers in grade of general at 5 years in that grade or 40 years of commissioned service, whichever is later. Required either the commander or deputy commander of U.S. Northern Command to be a National Guard officer [expanded to any reserve component officer in 2016 (130 Stat. 2113)]. NGB
The special retirement privileges created for Porter and Sherman were inherited by their successors, Admiral of the Navy George Dewey, who died on the active list at age 79, being exempt from mandatory retirement like Porter; and General of the Armies John J. Pershing, who transferred to the retired list at age 64 at full pay and allowances ...
The OPA also ended the practice of appointing Army officers into specific "branches [broken anchor]", giving the Army greater authority to move personnel to different functions and change organizational designs. OPA also authorized the services to grant voluntary retirement at 20 years of commissioned service.
Mandatory retirement also known as forced retirement, enforced retirement or compulsory retirement, is the set age at which people who hold certain jobs or offices are required by industry custom or by law to leave their employment, or retire.
Since mandatory retirement laws were based on time in permanent grade but officers could retire in the highest temporary grade in which they served at least six months, the Army could deliberately promote a colonel to temporary brigadier general in his 29th year of service and then fail to select him for permanent brigadier general, forcing him ...
General Richard B. Myers is sworn in as Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Four-star grades go hand-in-hand with the positions of office to which they are linked, so the rank is temporary; the active rank of general can only be held for so long- though upon retirement, if satisfactory service requirements are met, the general or admiral is normally allowed to hold that rank in retirement ...