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The New Zealand kākā is similarly omnivorous, eating many plant foods and probably consuming insects only when other foods are scarce; [438] [439] since it is an energetically inefficient process, much time is dedicated to foraging for insects, but not to eating them. Honeydew can also be important. Precise data are lacking
This plays an important role for generalist herbivores that eat a variety of plants. Keystone herbivores keep vegetation populations in check and allow for a greater diversity of both herbivores and plants. [63] When an invasive herbivore or plant enters the system, the balance is thrown off and the diversity can collapse to a monotaxon system ...
Piranhas are "basically like regular fish with large teeth". [19] A few other species may also occur in large groups, while the remaining are solitary or found in small groups. [3] Although popularly described as highly predatory and primarily feeding on fish, piranha diets vary extensively, [3] leading to their classification as omnivorous. [4]
[37] [38] Regular fish consumption and decreased red meat consumption are recognized as dietary practices that may promote health. [39] Pescetarianism has been shown to be more popular among women than men in all regions where the data on sex ratio is available. Plant foods, such as fresh produce, make up most of a pescetarian diet.
There are certain primary consumers that are called specialists because they only eat one type of producers. An example is the koala, because it feeds only on eucalyptus leaves. Primary consumers that feed on many kinds of plants are called generalists. Secondary consumers are small/medium-sized carnivores that prey on herbivorous animals.
Frugivore seed dispersal is a common phenomenon in many ecosystems. However, it is not a highly specific type of plant–animal interaction. For example, a single species of frugivorous bird may disperse fruits from several species of plants, or a few species of bird may disperse seeds of one plant species. [3]
The Japanese rice fish (Oryzias latipes), also known as the medaka, [2] is a member of genus Oryzias (), the only genus in the subfamily Oryziinae.This small (up to about 3.6 cm or 1.4 in) native of Japan is a denizen of rice paddies, marshes, ponds, slow-moving streams and tide pools.
Small animals, particularly invertebrates, are only a minor part of their diets. Other cichlids are detritivores and eat organic material, called Aufwuchs (offal); among these species are the tilapiines of the genera Oreochromis, Sarotherodon, and Tilapia. Other cichlids are predatory and eat little or no plant matter.