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The earliest computer systems that represented geographic phenomena were quantitative analysis models developed during the quantitative revolution in geography in the 1950s and 1960s; these could not be called a geographic information system because they did not attempt to store geographic data in a consistent permanent structure, but were usually statistical or mathematical models.
Green curves show hypothetical Earths with density constant (dashed) and decreasing linearly from center to surface (stippled) The preliminary reference Earth model (PREM) plots the average of Earth's properties by depth. [1] It includes a table of Earth properties, including elastic properties, attenuation, density, pressure, and gravity.
A geomodel is the numerical equivalent of a three-dimensional geological map complemented by a description of physical quantities in the domain of interest. [1] Geomodelling is related to the concept of Shared Earth Model; [2] which is a multidisciplinary, interoperable and updatable knowledge base about the subsurface.
The components of the model use the Earth System Modeling Framework (ESMF), enabling them to be connected in a flexible manner and supporting the investigation of many different aspects of Earth science, in particular questions related to coupled processes involving the atmosphere, ocean, and/or land. Uses of GEOS span a range of spatiotemporal ...
In geophysics and physical geodesy, a geopotential model is the theoretical analysis of measuring and calculating the effects of Earth's gravitational field (the geopotential). The Earth is not exactly spherical, mainly because of its rotation around the polar axis that makes its shape slightly oblate.
The Community Earth System Model (CESM) is a fully coupled numerical simulation of the Earth system consisting of atmospheric, ocean, ice, land surface, carbon cycle, and other components. CESM includes a climate model providing state-of-art simulations of the Earth's past, present, and future. [ 1 ]
A global relief model, sometimes also denoted as global topography model or composite model, combines digital elevation model (DEM) data over land with digital bathymetry model (DBM) data over water-covered areas (oceans, lakes) to describe Earth's relief. A relief model thus shows how Earth's surface would look like in the absence of water or ...
ESMF increases the interoperability of Earth-science modeling software developed at different sites and promotes code reuse.The idea is to transform distributed, specialized knowledge and resources into a collaborative, integrated modeling community that operates more efficiently, can address a wider variety of problems more effectively, and is more responsive to societal needs.