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FARE has developed research infrastructure to support advances in the understanding, management, treatment and prevention of food allergy. Initiated in 2015 and expanded in 2020, the FARE Clinical Network [10] is a coalition of academic, research, and clinical care centers specializing in food allergy.
Allergen immunotherapy, also known as desensitization or hypo-sensitization, is a medical treatment for environmental allergies (such as insect bites) and asthma. [1] [2] Immunotherapy involves exposing people to larger and larger amounts of allergens in an attempt to change the immune system's response.
In the United States, food allergy affects as many as 5% of infants less than three years of age [103] and 3% to 4% of adults. [104] [105] The prevalence of food allergies is rising. [106] [107] [108] Food allergies cause roughly 30,000 emergency room visits and 150 deaths per year. [109]
Shellfish allergies are highly cross reactive, but its prevalence is much higher than that of fish allergy. Shellfish allergy is the leading cause of food allergy in U.S adults. [31] As of 2018 six allergens have been identified to prawn alone; along with crab, it is the major culprit of seafood anaphylaxis. [13]
In type I hypersensitivity, B cells are stimulated (by CD4 + T h 2 cells) to produce IgE antibodies specific to an antigen. The difference between a normal infectious immune response and a type 1 hypersensitivity response is that in type 1 hypersensitivity, the antibody is IgE instead of IgA, IgG, or IgM.
Peanut allergy, which can be life-threatening, is on the rise. Scientists are working on promising treatment options. (Illustration: Blake Cale; photo: Getty Images) (illustration by Blake Cale ...
Immunotherapy with Hymenoptera venoms is effective at desensitizing 80–90% of adults and 98% of children against allergies to bees, wasps, hornets, yellowjackets, and fire ants. Oral immunotherapy may be effective at desensitizing some people to certain food including milk, eggs, nuts and peanuts; however, adverse effects are common. [3]
The treatment of immediate hypersensitivity reactions includes the management of anaphylaxis with intramuscular adrenaline (epinephrine), oxygen, intravenous (IV) antihistamine, support blood pressure with IV fluids, avoid latex gloves and equipment in patients who are allergic, and surgical procedures such as tracheotomy if there is severe ...