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The anterior jugular vein varies considerably in size, bearing usually an inverse proportion to the external jugular. [1] Most frequently, there are two anterior jugulars, a right and left. [1] [4] However, there is sometimes only one. [1] A duplicate anterior jugular vein may be present on one side, which may cross over the midline.
Catheter access, sometimes called a CVC (central venous catheter), consists of a plastic catheter with two lumens (or occasionally two separate catheters) which is inserted into a large vein (usually the vena cava, via the internal jugular vein or the femoral vein) to allow large flows of blood to be withdrawn from one lumen, to enter the dialysis circuit, and to be returned via the other lumen.
The internal jugular vein is formed by the anastomosis of blood from the sigmoid sinus of the dura mater and the inferior petrosal sinus. The internal jugular runs with the common carotid artery and vagus nerve inside the carotid sheath. It provides venous drainage for the contents of the skull.
The facial vein usually unites with the anterior branch of the retromandibular vein to form the common facial vein, which crosses the external carotid artery and enters the internal jugular vein at a variable point below the hyoid bone.
Just above the sternum the two anterior jugular veins communicate by a transverse trunk, the jugular venous arch (or venous jugular arch), which receive tributaries from the inferior thyroid veins; each also communicates with the internal jugular. There are no valves in this vein.
The plexus drains all veins that correspond to the branches of the maxillary artery (however, much of the blood delivered by the maxillary artery is returned by other routes), as well as two additional veins. [2] It receives the following veins: [citation needed] sphenopalatine; middle meningeal; deep temporal (anterior & posterior) pterygoid ...
Drainage Territories: Although these trunks generally drain the mediastinum, lungs, and associated structures, the specific regions of the thorax drained by each trunk can vary. This is particularly important in surgical settings, such as during lymph node dissections or in evaluating the lymphatic spread of thoracic cancers.
This vein receives the occipital occasionally, the posterior external jugular, and, near its termination, the transverse cervical, transverse scapular, and anterior jugular veins; in the substance of the parotid, a large branch of communication from the internal jugular joins it. The external jugular vein drains into the subclavian vein lateral ...