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[1] [2] The phalanges of the hand are commonly known as the finger bones. The phalanges of the foot differ from the hand in that they are often shorter and more compressed, especially in the proximal phalanges, those closest to the torso. [3] A phalanx is named according to whether it is proximal, middle, or distal and its associated finger or ...
Reptiles usually retain two centralia, while mammals typically have only one (the navicular). [ 3 ] In birds, the tarsus has disappeared, with the proximal tarsals having fused with the tibia, the centralia having disappeared, and the distal bones having fused with the metatarsals to form a single tarsometatarsus bone, effectively giving the ...
In this approach, the foot may be described in three segments: as the hindfoot, midfoot and forefoot. The hindfoot is the most proximal and posterior portion of the foot. [22] Functionally, the structures contained in this region are typically robust, possessing a larger size and girth than the other structures of the foot.
the plantar region encompassing the sole of the foot. Some regions are combined into larger regions. These include the trunk, which is a combination of the thoracic, mammary, abdominal, navel, and coxal regions. The cephalic region is a combination of all of the head regions. The upper limb region is a combination of all of the arm regions. The ...
The foot (pl.: feet) is an anatomical structure found in many vertebrates. It is the terminal portion of a limb which bears weight and allows locomotion . In many animals with feet, the foot is a separate [ clarification needed ] organ at the terminal part of the leg made up of one or more segments or bones, generally including claws and/or nails.
Contralateral (from Latin contra 'against'): on the side opposite to another structure. [24] For example, the right arm and leg are controlled by the left, contralateral, side of the brain. Ipsilateral (from Latin ipse 'same'): on the same side as another structure. [25] For example, the left arm is ipsilateral to the left leg.
[citation needed] At the upper and forepart of the medial surface of the calcaneus, below the middle talar facet, there is a horizontal eminence, the talar shelf (also sustentaculum tali). [2] Sustentaculum tali gives attachment to the plantar calcaneonavicular (spring) ligament , tibiocalcaneal ligament, and medial talocalcaneal ligament.
The base is the part closest to the ankle and the head is closest to the big toe. The narrowed part in the middle is referred to as the body of the bone. The bone is somewhat flattened, giving it two sides: the plantar (towards the sole of the foot) and the dorsal side (the area facing upwards while standing). [1]