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Complications of late Parkinson's disease may include a range of impulse-control disorders, including eating, buying, compulsive gambling, [6] sexual behavior, and related behaviors (punding, hobbyism and walkabout). Prevalence studies suggest that ICDs occur in 13.6–36.0% of Parkinson's patients exhibited at least one form of ICD.
Impulsivity has been found to exhibit a different developmental trajectory than reward or sensation seeking. [30] Impulsivity gradually declines with age in a linear fashion. [ 31 ] Around mid-adolescence when impulsivity and sensation-seeking are at their peak is the theoretical peak age for risk-taking according to the dual systems model.
Research on the different facets of impulsivity can inform small interventions to change decision making and reduce impulsive behavior [166] For example, changing cognitive representations of rewards (e.g. making long term rewards seem more concrete) and/or creating situations of "precommitment" (eliminating the option of changing one's mind ...
Most studied cases of pyromania occur in children and teenagers. [5] There is a range of causes, but an understanding of the different motives and actions of fire setters can provide a platform for prevention. Common causes of pyromania can be broken down into two main groups: individual and environmental.
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Children learn through observational learning and social learning. Therefore, observations of models have a direct impact and greatly influence children's behaviors and decision-making processes. Children often learn through modeling behavior. Modeling can act as a powerful tool to modify children's cognition and behaviors. [28]
Children with the disorder often display impulsive and aggressive behavior, may be callous and deceitful, may repeatedly engage in petty crime (such as stealing or vandalism), or get into fights with other children and adults. [129] This behavior is typically persistent and may be difficult to deter with either threat or punishment.
Teenage rebellion usually begins at around 13 years old, while for some it may start to happen 1-2 years before puberty. It then ends at around 18-24 years old. They may experiment with different roles, behaviors, and ideologies as part of this process of developing an identity. [2]