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Motor oil, engine oil, or engine lubricant is any one of various substances used for the lubrication of internal combustion engines. They typically consist of base oils enhanced with various additives, particularly antiwear additives , detergents, dispersants , and, for multi-grade oils, viscosity index improvers .
Aerated oil protects engine components far less effectively. A dry-sump system minimizes oil aeration, and also de-aerates oil far more effectively by pumping it first into a remote reservoir. Increased engine power. In a wet-sump engine, oil slosh against spinning parts causes substantial viscous drag which creates parasitic power loss.
Choke valve, Butterfly valve used to limit air intake in internal combustion engine. (Not to be confused with choke valves used in industrial flow control, above.) Clapper valve: a type of check valve used in the Siamese fire appliance to allow only one hose to be connected instead of two (the clapper valve blocks the other side from leaking out)
These blow-by gases, if not ventilated, inevitably condense and combine with the oil vapor present in the crankcase, forming oil sludge. Excessive crankcase pressure can furthermore lead to engine oil leaks past the crankshaft seals and other engine seals and gaskets. Therefore, it becomes imperative that a crankcase ventilation system be used.
Sight-glass lubricator. A needle valve adjusts the rate of flow, which may be seen as drops passing through the window beneath the glass reservoir.. A total-loss oiling system is an engine lubrication system whereby oil is introduced into the engine and then either burned or ejected overboard.
An engine that uses splash lubrication requires neither oil pump nor oil filter. Splash lubrication is an antique system whereby scoops on the big-ends of the connecting rods dip into the oil sump and splash the lubricant upwards towards the cylinders, creating an oil mist which settles into droplets.
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