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The incidence of age-related macular degeneration and its associated features increases with age and is low in people <55 years of age. [101] Smoking is the strongest modifiable risk factor. [ 102 ] As of 2008, age-related macular degeneration accounts for more than 54% of all vision loss in the white population in the US. [ 103 ]
Also known as age-related farsightedness [5] (or as age-related long sight in the UK [6]), it affects many adults over the age of 40. A common sign of presbyopia is difficulty in reading small print, which results in having to hold reading material farther away.
Partial or total vision loss may affect every single area of a person's life. Though loss of eyesight may occur naturally with age, trauma to the eye or exposure to hazardous conditions may also cause this serious condition. Workers in virtually any field may be at risk of sustaining eye injuries through trauma or exposure.
After age 30, the mass of the human body is decreased until 70 years and then shows damping oscillations. [25] People over 35 years of age are at increasing risk for losing strength in the ciliary muscle of the eyes, which leads to difficulty focusing on close objects, or presbyopia. [28] [29] Most people experience presbyopia by age 45–50. [30]
Visual or vision impairment (VI or VIP) is the partial or total inability of visual perception.In the absence of treatment such as corrective eyewear, assistive devices, and medical treatment, visual impairment may cause the individual difficulties with normal daily tasks, including reading and walking. [6]
Several studies have found a broad range of incidence of PVD, from 20% of autopsy cases to 57% in a more elderly population of patients (average age was 83.4 years). [4] People with myopia (nearsightedness) greater than 6 diopters are at higher risk of PVD at all ages. Posterior vitreous detachment does not directly threaten vision.
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