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MTSL is attached to proteins by reaction with thiol groups. The reaction exploits standard reactivity of thiosulfate esters. Methanesulfinate (CH 3 SO 2 −) is the leaving group: RSO 2 S-nitroxide + protein-SH → protein-S-S-nitroxide + RSO 2 H. The heterodisulfide bond to the cysteine residue is robust, enabling site-directed spin labelling.
Thiosulfate (IUPAC-recommended spelling; sometimes thiosulphate in British English) is an oxyanion of sulfur with the chemical formula S 2 O 2− 3. Thiosulfate also refers to the compounds containing this anion, which are the salts of thiosulfuric acid , such as sodium thiosulfate Na 2 S 2 O 3 and ammonium thiosulfate (NH 4 ) 2 S 2 O 3 .
Rhodanese is a mitochondrial enzyme that detoxifies cyanide (CN −) by converting it to thiocyanate (SCN −, also known as "rhodanate"). [1] In enzymatology, the common name is listed as thiosulfate sulfurtransferase (EC 2.8.1.1). [2]
The structure of a disulfide bond can be described by its χ ss dihedral angle between the C β −S γ −S γ −C β atoms, which is usually close to ±90°. The disulfide bond stabilizes the folded form of a protein in several ways: It holds two portions of the protein together, biasing the protein towards the folded topology.
In bacteria, sulfate and thiosulfate are transported into the cell by sulfate permeases where it can then be reduced and incorporated into biomolecules. [14] In some organisms (e.g., gut flora , cyanobacteria , and yeast ), [ 15 ] assimilatory sulfate reduction is a more complex process that makes use of the enzymes ATP sulfurylase, APS kinase ...
Sodium thiosulfate (sodium thiosulphate) is an inorganic compound with the formula Na 2 S 2 O 3 ·(H 2 O) x. Typically it is available as the white or colorless pentahydrate (x = 5), which is a white solid that dissolves well in water.
This glossary of biology terms is a list of definitions of fundamental terms and concepts used in biology, the study of life and of living organisms.It is intended as introductory material for novices; for more specific and technical definitions from sub-disciplines and related fields, see Glossary of cell biology, Glossary of genetics, Glossary of evolutionary biology, Glossary of ecology ...
In enzymology, a trithionate hydrolase (EC 3.12.1.1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction [1] [2]. trithionate + H 2 O thiosulfate + sulfate + 2 H +. Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are trithionate and H 2 O, whereas its 3 products are thiosulfate, sulfate, and H +.