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tert-Amyl chloride (2-methyl-2-butyl chloride) is an alkyl chloride used for flavoring and odorizing. [2] At room temperature, it is a colorless liquid with an unpleasant odor. It is an isomer of 1-chloropentane ( n -amyl chloride).
Amyl chloride may refer to any of the monochlorinated derivatives of the isomers of pentane. They have the molecular formula C 5 H 11 Cl. tert-Amyl chloride; 1-Chloropentane (n-amyl chloride) 2-Chloropentane; 3-Chloropentane; 1-Chloro-3-methylbutane (isoamyl chloride)
A method to produce 3,3-dimethylpentane is to react tert-amyl chloride (CH 3 CH 2 (CH 3)C 2 Cl) with propionaldehyde producing 3,3-dimethylpentan-2-ol. This is then dehydrated to produce 3,3-dimethylpent-2-ene, which when hydrogenated produces some 3,3-dimethylpentane, but also 2,3-dimethylpentane. [2]
Melting point: −99 °C (−146 °F; ... It can be prepared from 1-pentanol by treatment with hydrogen chloride. [2] See also. tert-Amyl chloride;
Decomposes at low pressure and room temperatures, [1] stable under N 2 or Ar in sealed contanier and decomposes slowly in contact with moist air and rapidly in contact with water. Above 215 °C under high vacuum it decomposes to form ketenes and carbanions [ 1 ]
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The main disadvantage of direct acylation is the unfavorable chemical equilibrium that must be remedied (e.g. by a large excess of one of the reagents), or by the removal of water (e.g. by using Dean–Stark distillation or including a drying agent such as anhydrous salts, [5] molecular sieves, or a large amount of certain acids as catalyst in ...