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The Khivan Revolution refers to the events of 1917–1924, which led to the elimination of the Khanate of Khiva in 1920, the formation of the Khorezm People's Soviet Republic, the intervention of the Red Army, the mass armed resistance of the population (see Basmachi) and its suppression, the inclusion of the republic into the Soviet Union on 27 October 1924, as a separate union republic, the ...
The Khivan campaign of 1839–1840 was a failed Russian attempt to conquer the Khanate of Khiva. Vasily Perovsky set out from Orenburg with 5,000 men, met an unusually cold winter, lost most of his camels, and was forced to turn back after going halfway. Russians attacked Khiva four times. Around 1602, some free Cossacks made three raids on Khiva.
Following the Russian Revolution of 1917, Khiva had a revolution too, and in 1920 the Khanate was replaced by the Khorezm People's Soviet Republic. In 1924, the area was formally incorporated into the Soviet Union and today it is largely a part of Karakalpakstan , Xorazm Region in Uzbekistan , and Daşoguz Region of Turkmenistan .
In the Khivan campaign of 1839, Count Perovsky marched south from Orenburg. The unusually cold winter killed most of the Russian camels, forcing them to turn back. By 1868, the Russian conquest of Turkestan had captured Tashkent and Samarkand, and gained control over the khanates of Kokand in the eastern mountains and Bukhara along the Oxus River.
After the initial shockwaves of the Russian revolution reached Central Asia, the local khans rebelled against their ruling governments. This was met by fierce resistance in both Khiva [4] and Bukhara. [3] These revolutions sparked a greater revolution resulting in the creations of other revolutionary governments such as the Alash Autonomy and ...
While the Russian Civil War had been decided in favor of the Red Army on all other fronts, the situation in Central Asia remained volatile because of the ongoing Basmachi rebellion. By January 1924, the situation in the Khorezm People's Soviet Republic (former Khanate of Khiva ) had become much more complicated.
However, in the summer of that year, the Khan of Khiva, with the participation of the Russian Provisional Government in Petrograd, regained absolute power, arresting and executing some of the Young Khivans. [2] Other participants in the movement hid in Turkestan, where they received guarantees of support from the Bolsheviks. [1]
Khivan slave trade refers to the slave trade in the Khanate of Khiva, which was a major center of slave trade in Central Asia from the 17th century until the annexation of Russian conquest of Khiva in 1873. The slave market in Khiva mainly trafficked slaves from Russia and Persia to the Islamic khanates in Central Asia, but also to India and ...