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2. Haplogroup P (mtDNA) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_P_(mtDNA)

   This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup P subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation [2] and subsequent published research. P P-C16176T P1 P1d P1d1 P1d1a; P1d2 P1d2a; P1-T152C! P1f; P2'10 P2; P10; P8; P3 P3a; P3b P3b1; P4 P4a P4a1; P4b ...

3. Genealogical DNA test - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genealogical_DNA_test

   The mitochondrion is a component of a human cell, and contains its own DNA. Mitochondrial DNA usually has 16,569 base pairs (the number can vary slightly depending on addition or deletion mutations) [24] and is much smaller than the human genome DNA which has 3.2 billion base pairs. Mitochondrial DNA is transmitted from mother to child, as it ...

4. International Society of Genetic Genealogy - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Society_of...

   It was founded by a group of surname DNA project administrators in 2005 to promote DNA testing for genealogy. It advocates the use of genetics in genealogical research, provides educational resources for genealogists interested in DNA testing, and facilitates networking among genetic genealogists.

5. Mitochondrial DNA - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrial_DNA

   Mitochondrial DNA is a small portion of the DNA contained in a eukaryotic cell; most of the DNA is in the cell nucleus, and, in plants and algae, the DNA also is found in plastids, such as chloroplasts. [3] Human mitochondrial DNA was the first significant part of the human genome to be sequenced. [4]

6. Human mitochondrial genetics - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_mitochondrial_genetics

   The human mitochondrial genome is the entirety of hereditary information contained in human mitochondria. Mitochondria are small structures in cells that generate energy for the cell to use, and are hence referred to as the "powerhouses" of the cell. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is not transmitted through nuclear DNA (nDNA).

7. Forensic DNA analysis - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forensic_DNA_analysis

   Developed in 1991, [10] DQ alpha testing was the first forensic DNA technique that utilized the polymerase chain reaction. [11] This technique allowed for the use of far fewer cells than RFLP analysis making it more useful for crime scenes that did not have the large amounts of DNA material that was previously required. [ 12 ]

8. Haplogroup S (mtDNA) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_S_(mtDNA)

   In human genetics, Haplogroup S is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup found only among Indigenous Australians. It is a descendant of macrohaplogroup N . Map of Haplogroup S mtDNA

9. Haplogroup H (mtDNA) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)

   Haplogroup H is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup. The clade is believed to have originated in Southwest Asia, near present day Syria, [1] around 20,000 to 25,000 years ago. Mitochondrial haplogroup H is today predominantly found in Europe, and is believed to have evolved before the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM).