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Hash function Security claim Best attack Publish date Comment GOST: 2 128: 2 105: 2008-08-18 Paper. [12]HAVAL-128 : 2 64: 2 7: 2004-08-17 Collisions originally reported in 2004, [13] followed up by cryptanalysis paper in 2005.
The MD5 message-digest algorithm is a widely used hash function producing a 128-bit hash value. MD5 was designed by Ronald Rivest in 1991 to replace an earlier hash function MD4, [3] and was specified in 1992 as RFC 1321. MD5 can be used as a checksum to verify data integrity against unintentional corruption.
macOS malware includes viruses, trojan horses, worms and other types of malware that affect macOS, Apple's current operating system for Macintosh computers. macOS (previously Mac OS X and OS X) is said to rarely suffer malware or virus attacks, [1] and has been considered less vulnerable than Windows. [2]
Functions that lack this property are vulnerable to pre-image attacks. Second pre-image resistance: given an input m 1, it should be hard to find another input m 2 ≠ m 1 such that hash(m 1) = hash(m 2). This property is sometimes referred to as weak collision resistance. Functions that lack this property are vulnerable to second pre-image ...
MD5 was designed by Ronald Rivest in 1991 to replace an earlier hash function, MD4, and was specified in 1992 as RFC 1321. Collisions against MD5 can be calculated within seconds, which makes the algorithm unsuitable for most use cases where a cryptographic hash is required. MD5 produces a digest of 128 bits (16 bytes).
Vulnerable (HTTPS/SPDY) Vulnerable Vulnerable Vulnerable (except Windows) Vulnerable Yes [n 10] 21 No Yes Yes No No No Yes (only desktop) Requires SHA-2 compatible OS [2] Needs ECC compatible OS [3] Not affected Mitigated [12] Vulnerable Vulnerable Vulnerable (except Windows) Vulnerable Yes [n 10] 22–29 No Yes Yes Yes [13] No [13] [14] [15 ...
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As is the case with any operating system, Linux is vulnerable to malware that tricks the user into installing it through social engineering. In December 2009 a malicious waterfall screensaver that contained a script that used the infected Linux PC in denial-of-service attacks was discovered.