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South Africa is a sunny country, averaging 8–10 daily sunshine hours in most regions. [2] The average annual rainfall for South Africa is about 464 mm (compared to a global average of 950 mm [3]) but large and unpredictable variations are common. Overall, rainfall is greatest in the east and gradually decreases westward, with some semi-desert ...
The Union of South Africa's Weather Service was established in 1912 under the Department of Irrigation, with Charles M Stewart as its first Chief Meteorologist. [1] At some point between 1912 and 1940, the SAWS' name was changed to the Meteorological Service , and in 1940, during the Second World War , became the responsibility of the ...
Rainfall rates downwind of cities are increased between 48% and 116%. Partly as a result of this warming, monthly rainfall is about 28% greater between 20 miles (32 km) to 40 miles (64 km) downwind of cities, compared with upwind. [66] Some cities show a total precipitation increase of 51%. [67]
The Storm Prediction Center is responsible for forecasting the risk of severe weather caused by severe thunderstorms, specifically those producing tornadoes, hail of one inch (2.5 cm) in diameter or larger, and/or winds of 58 miles per hour (93 km/h) [50 knots] or greater. The agency also forecasts hazardous winter and fire weather conditions.
The Weather Prediction Center (WPC), located in College Park, Maryland, is one of nine service centers under the umbrella of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP), a part of the National Weather Service (NWS), which in turn is part of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) of the U.S. Government.
Annually, the rain belt across the continent moves northward into Sub-Saharan Africa by August, then passes back southward into south-central Africa by March. [22] Areas with a savannah climate in Sub-Saharan Africa, such as Ghana, Burkina Faso, [23] [24] Darfur, [25] Eritrea, [26] Ethiopia, [27] and Botswana have a distinct rainy season. [28]
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The Copernicus Programme reported that 2024 continued 2023's series of record high global average sea surface temperatures. [12]2024 Southeast Asia heat wave. For the first time, in each month in a 12-month period (through June 2024), Earth’s average temperature exceeded 1.50 °C (2.70 °F) above the pre-industrial baseline.