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A sample wind tunnel layout showing some typical features including a test section and control room, a machine for pumping air continuously through ducting, and a nozzle for setting the test airspeed. A wind tunnel is "an apparatus for producing a controlled stream of air for conducting aerodynamic experiments". [1]
The R. J. Mitchell Wind Tunnel is a closed test section, closed return type wind tunnel powered by a 746 kW (1,000 hp) electric motor. The test section is 3.5m wide by 2.4m high (11 ft by 8 ft) and the tunnel is capable of creating wind speeds of up to 40 m/s (90 mph).
Low Speed Wind Tunnel 1.15 m (3 ft 9 in) by 0.95 m (3 ft 1 in) Flow Visualisation Wind Tunnel 0.90 m (2 ft 11 in) by 0.90 m (2 ft 11 in) United Kingdom University of Manchester [17] Operational Hypersonic wind tunnel 6 in (150 mm) diameter Trisonic wind tunnel 0.15 m (5.9 in) by 0.3 m (1 ft 0 in)
The first human to fly in a vertical wind tunnel was Jack Tiffany in 1964 at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base located in Greene and Montgomery County, Ohio.. In 1982 Jean St-Germain, an inventor from Drummondville, Quebec, [2] sold a vertical wind tunnel concept to both Les Thompson and Marvin Kratter, both of whom went on to build their own wind tunnels.
Transonic wind tunnels, between Mach 0.75 and Mach 1.2 (920 and 1,500 km/h; 570 and 910 mph; 260 and 410 m/s), are designed on similar principles as subsonic tunnels but present additional challenges, primarily due to the reflection of shock waves from the walls of the test section. To mitigate this, perforated or slotted walls are used to ...
AGARD-C standard wind tunnel model on a sting fixture (CAD model) AGARD-C wind tunnel model on a bent sting (CAD model) A hypothetical wind tunnel model on a Z-sting (CAD model) In experimental fluid mechanics, a sting is a test fixture on which models are mounted for testing, e.g. in a wind tunnel. A sting is usually a long shaft attaching to ...
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NASA Langley's Hypersonic Facilities Complex, 1969. A hypersonic wind tunnel is designed to generate a hypersonic flow field in the working section, thus simulating the typical flow features of this flow regime - including compression shocks and pronounced boundary layer effects, entropy layer and viscous interaction zones and most importantly high total temperatures of the flow.