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Ondansetron, sold under the brand name Zofran among others, is a medication used to prevent nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy, radiation therapy, migraines, or surgery. [8] It is also effective for treating gastroenteritis. [9] [10] It can be given orally (by mouth), intramuscularly (injection into a muscle), or intravenously ...
Ondansetron was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 1991, and has since become available in several other countries, including the UK, Ireland, Australia, Canada, France and Brazil. As of 2008, ondansetron and granisetron are the only 5-HT 3 antagonists available as a generic drug in the United States. Ondansetron may be given ...
Bowel obstruction and the resulting nausea may also occur as a result of anti-cancer therapy such as radiation, [13] or adhesion after surgery. [14] Impaired gastric emptying as a result of bowel obstruction may not respond to drugs alone, and surgical intervention is sometimes the only means of symptom relief. [15]
Bowel obstruction, also known as intestinal obstruction, is a mechanical or functional obstruction of the intestines which prevents the normal movement of the products of digestion. [2] [5] Either the small bowel or large bowel may be affected. [1] Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, vomiting, bloating and not passing gas. [1]
On CT imaging, the small bowel feces sign appears as a mottled, mixed-density pattern within a distended small bowel loop. It is typically located proximal to the site of obstruction and is often accompanied by other features of small bowel obstruction, such as: [5] Dilated bowel loops: Loops proximal to the obstruction exhibit dilation (>2.5-3 ...
Abdominal X-rays showing air-fluid levels indicate bowel obstruction, while an X-ray showing air-filled bowel loops are more indicative of ileus. More advanced imaging and procedures may be necessary, such as a CT scan, upper endoscopy, colonoscopy, barium enema, or MRI.
Adverse effects include prolongation of the QT interval on electrocardiogram (EKG). Medications include ondansetron, granisetron, and dolasetron. Anticholinergics can be used as a long-acting patch placed behind the patient's ear. Adverse effects include dry mouth and blurry vision.
Bowel obstruction is most often caused by intestinal adhesions, which frequently form after abdominal surgeries, or by chronic infections such as diverticulitis, hepatitis, and inflammatory bowel disease. The condition may be difficult to diagnose, as the symptoms may resemble those of other bowel disorders. [4]
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109 S High St #100, Columbus, OH · Directions · (614) 224-4261