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  2. Absolute magnitude - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolute_magnitude

    At that time, its absolute magnitude had decreased to =, [42] and it was realised that the 1819 apparition coincided with an outburst. 289P/Blanpain reached naked eye brightness (5–8 mag) in 1819, even though it is the comet with the smallest nucleus that has ever been physically characterised, and usually doesn't become brighter than 18 mag ...

  3. Magnitude (astronomy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnitude_(astronomy)

    The apparent magnitude (m) is the brightness of an object and depends on an object's intrinsic luminosity, its distance, and the extinction reducing its brightness. The absolute magnitude (M) describes the intrinsic luminosity emitted by an object and is defined to be equal to the apparent magnitude that the object would have if it were placed ...

  4. Brightness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brightness

    Brightness is an attribute of visual perception in which a source appears to be radiating or reflecting light. [1] In other words, brightness is the perception elicited by the luminance of a visual target.

  5. Apparent magnitude - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apparent_magnitude

    The absolute magnitude M, of a star or astronomical object is defined as the apparent magnitude it would have as seen from a distance of 10 parsecs (33 ly). The absolute magnitude of the Sun is 4.83 in the V band (visual), 4.68 in the Gaia satellite's G band (green) and 5.48 in the B band (blue). [20] [21] [22]

  6. Luminosity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luminosity

    The apparent magnitude is the observed visible brightness from Earth which depends on the distance of the object. The absolute magnitude is the apparent magnitude at a distance of 10 pc (3.1 × 10 17 m), therefore the bolometric absolute magnitude is a logarithmic measure of the bolometric luminosity.

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  8. Phase curve (astronomy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_curve_(astronomy)

    In astronomy, a phase curve describes the brightness of a reflecting body as a function of its phase angle (the arc subtended by the observer and the Sun as measured at the body). The brightness usually refers the object's absolute magnitude, which, in turn, is its apparent magnitude at a distance of one astronomical unit from the Earth and Sun.

  9. Brightness temperature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brightness_temperature

    Brightness temperature or radiance temperature is a measure of the intensity of electromagnetic energy coming from a source. [1] In particular, it is the temperature at which a black body would have to be in order to duplicate the observed intensity of a grey body object at a frequency ν {\displaystyle \nu } . [ 2 ]