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[1] [2] Athletic sports or contests are competitions which are primarily based on human physical competition, demanding the qualities of stamina, fitness, and skill. Athletic sports form the bulk of popular sporting activities, with other major forms including motorsports , precision sports , extreme sports and animal sports .
The simplicity of the competitions, and the lack of a need for expensive equipment, makes athletics one of the most common types of sports in the world. Athletics is mostly an individual sport, with the exception of relay races and competitions which combine athletes' performances for a team score, such as cross country.
The following is a list of sports and games, divided by category. According to the World Sports Encyclopaedia (2003), there are 8,000 known indigenous sports and sporting games . [ 1 ]
These are deep breathing, which results in increased intra-abdominal pressure; and post-activation potentation, which is the enhanced activation of the nervous system and increased muscle fibre recruitment. Power training programmes may be shaped to increase the trainee's ability to apply power in general, to meet sports specific criteria, or both.
Strongman competitions usually involve non-traditional, often sensationalistic, challenges of strength. Strength athletics is the collection of strength sports which measure physical strength, [1] based on both: non-standard and historical implements as seen in Strongman and Highland games, [2] and standardized and calibrated equipment as seen in Powerlifting [3] and Weightlifting.
The movements involved in gymnastics contribute to the development of the arms, legs, shoulders, back, chest, and abdominal muscle groups. Gymnastics evolved from exercises used by the ancient Greeks that included skills for mounting and dismounting a horse, and from circus performance skills.
Sport psychology is the study of how psychological factors can impact engagement in professional and recreational sports, as well as how sports impact an athlete's psychological state. [27] After becoming popular in the early 20th century, it is now a recognized scientific field which is relevant to many different sports. [ 28 ]
Bodyweight exercises (also called bodyweight workouts) are strength training exercises that use an individual's own weight to provide resistance against gravity. [1] Bodyweight exercises can enhance a range of biomotor abilities including strength, power, endurance, speed, flexibility, coordination and balance. [ 2 ]