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Beginning MySQL Database Design and Optimization Hardcover Chad Russell American 49.99 520 Thick Apress USA 1 Tutorial Beginning MySQL Database Design and Optimization E-book Chad Russell American 22.34 520 Thick Apress USA 1 Tutorial The Relational Model for Database Management: Version 2 E-book E.F.Codd British 13.88 538 Thick Addison-Wesley USA
In a hierarchical database, a record can contain sets of child records ― known as repeating groups or table-valued attributes.If such a data model is represented as relations, a repeating group would be an attribute where the value is itself a relation.
If a relational schema is in BCNF, then all redundancy based on functional dependency has been removed, [4] although other types of redundancy may still exist. A relational schema R is in Boyce–Codd normal form if and only if for every one of its functional dependencies X → Y, at least one of the following conditions hold: [5]
A database relation (e.g. a database table) is said to meet third normal form standards if all the attributes (e.g. database columns) are functionally dependent on solely a key, except the case of functional dependency whose right hand side is a prime attribute (an attribute which is strictly included into some key).
Canonicalization of filenames is important for computer security. For example, a web server may have a restriction that only files under the cgi directory C:\inetpub\wwwroot\cgi-bin may be executed. This rule is enforced by checking that the path starts with C:\inetpub\wwwroot\cgi-bin\ and only then executing it.
Snowflake schema used by example query. The example schema shown to the right is a snowflaked version of the star schema example provided in the star schema article. The following example query is the snowflake schema equivalent of the star schema example code which returns the total number of television units sold by brand and by country for 1997.
Denormalization is a strategy used on a previously-normalized database to increase performance. In computing, denormalization is the process of trying to improve the read performance of a database, at the expense of losing some write performance, by adding redundant copies of data or by grouping data.
This definition does not preclude columns having sets or relations as values, e.g. nested tables. This is the major difference to first normal form. NoSQL databases like document databases typically does not conform to the relational view. For example, an JSON or XML database might support duplicate records and intrinsic ordering. Such database ...