Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
The term perchlorate can also describe perchlorate esters or covalent perchlorates. [2] These are organic compounds that are alkyl or aryl esters of perchloric acid. They are characterized by a covalent bond between an oxygen atom of the ClO 4 moiety and an organyl group. In most ionic perchlorates, the cation is non-coordinating.
Sodium perchlorate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Na Cl O 4. It consists of sodium cations Na + and perchlorate anions ClO − 4. It is a white crystalline, hygroscopic solid that is highly soluble in water and ethanol. It is usually encountered as sodium perchlorate monohydrate NaClO 4 ·H 2 O.
Anhydrous perchlorate complexes are susceptible to hydrolysis: Cu(ClO 4) 2 + 6 H 2 O → [Cu(H 2 O) 6](ClO 4) 2. Upon heating, perchlorate complexes yield oxides, evolving chlorine oxides in the process. For example, thermolysis of titanium perchlorate gives TiO 2, ClO 2, and O 2 The titanyl species TiO(ClO 4) 2 is an intermediate in this ...
These solids consist of the perchlorate anion linked via hydrogen bonds to H 2 O and H 3 O + centers. [9] An example is hydronium perchlorate. Perchloric acid forms an azeotrope with water, consisting of about 72.5% perchloric acid. This form of the acid is stable indefinitely and is commercially available. Such solutions are hygroscopic. Thus ...
A covalent bond is a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electrons to form electron pairs between atoms. These electron pairs are known as shared pairs or bonding pairs . The stable balance of attractive and repulsive forces between atoms, when they share electrons , is known as covalent bonding. [ 1 ]
Potassium perchlorate in crystal form. Potassium perchlorate is prepared industrially by treating an aqueous solution of sodium perchlorate with potassium chloride.This single precipitation reaction exploits the low solubility of KClO 4, which is about 1/100 as much as the solubility of NaClO 4 (209.6 g/100 mL at 25 °C).
The dihydrate form is produced by recrystallizing and drying to a constant weight. Additional drying over sulfuric acid yields the monohydrate. The anhydrous form is obtained by heating to 140 °C in vacuum. [3] Dehydration of barium perchlorate that does not occur in vacuum will also result in hydrolysis of the perchlorate. [4]
Hydrogen bonds of the form A--H•••B occur when A and B are two highly electronegative atoms (usually N, O or F) such that A forms a highly polar covalent bond with H so that H has a partial positive charge, and B has a lone pair of electrons which is attracted to this partial positive charge and forms a hydrogen bond.