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Scenario planning is as much art as science, and prone to a variety of traps (both in process and content) as enumerated by Paul J. H. Schoemaker. [14] More recently scenario planning has been discussed as a tool to improve the strategic agility, by cognitively preparing not only multiple scenarios but also multiple consistent strategies. [10]
In this scenario, formal planning systems are criticized by a number of academics, who argue that conventional methods, based on classic analytical tools (market research, value chain analysis, assessment of rivals), [2] fail to shape a strategy that can adjust to the changing market [3] and enhance the competitiveness of each business unit ...
Causal layered analysis (CLA) is a theory and method that seeks to integrate empiricist, interpretive, critical, and action learning modes of research. In this method, forecasts, the meanings individuals give to these forecasts, the critical assumptions used, the narratives these are based on, and the actions and interventions that result are ...
Assumption-based planning in project management is a post-planning method that helps companies to deal with uncertainty. It is used to identify the most important assumptions in a company's business plans , to test these assumptions, and to accommodate unexpected outcomes.
Theory of Change (ToC) is a multi-purpose tool that can be applied for the purpose of planning, managing, monitoring, and evaluating research, especially change-oriented research (e.g., research-for-development, transdisciplinary research, sustainability science). As in other applications, a research ToC describes the causal relationships ...
The four SRES scenario families [8] [9] [10] of the Fourth Assessment Report vs. projected global average surface warming until 2100 AR4 (Summary; PDF) More economic focus: More environmental focus: Globalisation (homogeneous world) A1 rapid economic growth (groups: A1T; A1B; A1Fl) 1.4 − 6.4 °C: B1 global environmental sustainability 1.1 − ...
A review article is an article that summarizes the current state of understanding on a topic within a certain discipline. [1] [2] A review article is generally considered a secondary source since it may analyze and discuss the method and conclusions in previously published studies.
Enterprise resource planning. Business process modelling. Business process re-engineering; Business reference model; Enterprise architecture framework; Manufacturing resource planning; Professional services. Business valuation; Governance, risk management, and compliance. Expert determination; Risk and strategic consulting; Risk assessment ...